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. 2019 Apr 9;9:133. doi: 10.1038/s41398-019-0466-x

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Experimental design of studies examining behavioral effects of duloxetine and bacterial treatments (R. flavefaciens or A. equolifaciens). Mice were chronically treated with antidepressant and/or bacteria, followed by behavioral testing. b–d Effects of duloxetine and R. flavefaciens on depressive-like behavior. R. flavefaciens supplementation abolished antidepressive effect of duloxetine in tail suspension test (b), forced swim test (c) and sucrose preference test (d). n = 10 (control), n = 10 (dul), n = 11 (Rum), n = 11 (dul+Rum), animals per group. e, f Effects of duloxetine and A. equolifaciens on depressive-like behavior. Duloxetine still reduced depressive-like behavior after A. equolifaciens treatment in tail suspension test (e) and forced swim test (f). n = 10 (control), n = 10 (dul), n = 11 (Adl), n = 10 (dul+Adl), animals per group. ^#0.1 > p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, Tukey’s post hoc test; data represent mean ± SEM. dul duloxetine, Rum R. flavefaciens, Adl A. equolifaciens