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. 2019 Jan 31;32(2):276–282. doi: 10.1007/s10278-019-00179-2

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Results of data augmentation: Images of a single input example nodule with multiple random affine warps applied for data augmentation. This alters each mass slightly utilizing a rigid transformation effectively making the same mass appear as a unique input to the network. Affine parameters were confirmed on visual inspection as applying enough of a warp to simulate a different lesion without making the lesion appear unrealistic