FIG 8.

α4-short was effective at reducing inflammatory cytokines in mouse airways postexposure to P. aeruginosa. Inflammation-related cytokines (CXCL1 [A], CXCL2 [B], CXCL3 [C], and IL-6 [D]) in mouse lungs were examined by real-time qRT-PCR 24 h after peptides were administered at 0.05 mg/kg (1 µg) 1 h postinfection as shown in Fig. 7. Results are means plus SEM from three independent experiments with six mice for each treatment group. One-way ANOVA was used to compare peptide-treated infected mice and PBS (mock)-treated infected animals by the Kruskal-Wallis test. Post hoc comparisons were made using Dunnett’s multiple-comparison test. Values that are significantly different between PBS-treated (control) and α4-short-treated groups are indicated by asterisks as follows: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.