Table 1.
Main tissues and cell types composing flax stems.
| Basic tissue system | Tissue | Cell type | Location | Main functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dermal | Epidermis | Outermost layer | Protection | |
| Ground | Parenchyma | Parenchyma | Through the stem body | Metabolism |
| Sclerenchyma | Fiber | Bundles in phloem | Mechanical support | |
| Vascular | Phloem | Sieve-tube element | Phloem | Food/elaborated sap conduction |
| Companion cell | Phloem | Delivery of substances to the sieve-tube element | ||
| Xylem | Vessel element | Xylem | Water and raw sap conduction | |
| Mechanical support | ||||
| Tracheid | Xylem | Water and raw sap conduction | ||
| Mechanical support |