Table 1.
Descriptives of the adolescent app users and the differences between the frequency groups.
| Variable name | Total (N=87) | Lowa (n=27) | Averagea (n=34) | Higha (n=26) | P valueb | |||
| Low versus average | Low versus high | High versus Average | ||||||
| Female, n (%) | 48 (55) | 12 (44) | 17 (50) | 19 (73) | .59 | .04 | .08 | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 15.0 (2.0) | 15.4 (2.0) | 15 (2.0) | 14.6 (2.1) | .50 | .16 | .40 | |
| Adherence (MARSc), mean (SD) | 20.4 (3.9) | 19.3 (3.9) | 21.4 (3.5) | 20.3 (4.2) | .04 | .30 | .35 | |
| Asthma control (CARATd), mean (SD) | 19.3 (5.3) | 18.7 (6.0) | 19.6 (5.4) | 19.5 (4.6) | .52 | .72 | .80 | |
| Allergic rhinitis | 7.3 (3.2) | 7.0 (3.5) | 7.6 (3.1) | 7.0 (3.2) | .48 | .98 | .47 | |
| Asthma | 12.1 (3.2) | 11.7 (3.6) | 12.1 (3.1) | 12.4 (2.8) | .68 | .47 | .72 | |
| Duration app use (months), mean (SD) | 4.2 (2.1) | 3.0 (2.4) | 4.7 (1.6) | 6.1 (1.3) | <.001 | <.001 | .008 | |
| Frequency app usee, mean (SD) | 22.5 (22.0) | 4.3 (2.6) | 17.1 (4.6) | 48.6 (22.9) | <.001 | <.001 | <.001 | |
| CARAT, n (%) | 85 (98) | 25 (93) | 34 (100) | 26 (100) | —f | — | — | |
| Adherence, n (%) | 72 (83) | 15 (56) | 31 (91) | 26 (100) | .003 | — | — | |
| Short movies, n (%) | 44 (51) | 7 (26) | 17 (50) | 20 (77) | .06 | <.001 | .04 | |
| Pharmacist chat, n (%) | 38 (44) | 2 (7) | 15 (44) | 21 (81) | .006 | <.001 | .009 | |
| Peer chat, n (%) | 18 (21) | 0 (0) | 7 (3) | 11 (42) | — | — | .04 | |
aFrequency of app use: low=used the app ≤10 times; average=used the app >10 and ≤25 times; high=used the app >25 times.
bP values derived of (generalized) linear mixed-effects models.
cMARS: Medication Adherence Report Scale.
dCARAT: Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test.
eUsed at least once.
fNot applicable.