Figure 2.

Overlapping histograms of AlkP levels in both female and male cases and controls. For female individuals, there is considerable overlap of both the average and the minimum AlkP levels, with the majority of cases and controls falling within the reference range. Although those with one of the three ALPL variants tend to have lower AlkP levels, there is substantial overlap in the bimodal distribution. For male individuals, there is also overlap between cases and controls; however, male controls tend to have higher AlkP levels, and male cases tend to have lower AlkP levels similar to women.