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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 10.
Published in final edited form as: Neuroimage. 2018 Aug 11;183:263–272. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.08.023

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2.

Grand-average ERPs time-locked to words upon initial presentation. Words disconfirmed a likely expectation (induced by a strongly constraining sentence context) or were generally unexpected (presented in a weakly constraining sentence context). Negative is plotted up in all ERP figures. A) All scalp electrode sites; the position of the channels in the figure approximates the position on the head, with the nose at the top. B) Close-up of a left-frontocentral channel (LDCe) showing the frontal positivity. Shading reflects unbiased within-subjects SEM (Cousineau, 2005; Morey, 2008). Insets show scalp topographies of the N400 and frontal positivity difference wave (Strong Constraint Unexpected – Weak Constraint Unexpected).