Table 1.

Maternal and infant characteristics

	Mean ± SD or median (IQR)
Maternal characteristics (n=36)
Age at enrollment (years)	22.5 ± 3.7
Education (% completed high school)	86.1% (n=31)
Nulliparous (%)	47.2% (n=17)
Early pregnancy BMI (kg/m2)	29.1 ± 8.2
Gestational weight gain (kg)	13.9 ± 8.2
Cesarean Section (%)	19.4% (n=7)
Infant outcomes at birth (n=36)
Gestational age at delivery (weeks)	39.8 ± 1.0
Male sex (%)	52.8% (n=19)
Cord leptin (ng/mL)	12.3 (12.7)
Cord adiponectin (μg/mL)	37.2 (13.7)
Weight (g)	3347.4 ± 380.3
WLz	−0.6 ± 1.1
Infant outcomes at 2 weeks (n=36)
Age at 2 week visit (days)	17.5 ± 5.3
Weight (g)	3702.7 ± 413.4
WLz	−0.1 ± 1.4
Fat mass (g)	573.5 ± 196.3
Fat-free mass (g)	3129.4 ± 312.8
%Breastfed; %Formula-fed; %Mixed	8.3% (n=3); 75.0% (n=27); 16.7% (n=6)
Infant outcomes at 3 months (n=31)
Age at 3 month visit (days)	93.0 ± 3.7
Weight (g)	6086.2 ± 639.4
WLz	0.1 ± 1.0
Fat mass (g)	1362.2 ± 373.3
Fat-free mass (g)	4724.1 ± 460.0
%Breastfed; %Formula-fed; %Mixed	0% (n=0); 93.5% (n=29); 6.5% (n=2)

BMI, body mass index; WLz, weight-for-length z-score.