Study	Reason for exclusion
Achembong 2014	No primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease reported
Aleksejuniene 2012	No primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease reported
Alkarimi 2012	This is a clinical study. No primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease relevant to this review reported
Antonio 2007	This is an uncontrolled before‐and‐after study The study evaluated long‐term effects of an oral health promotion programme for school children 24 months after interruption of educational activities
Anttonen 2011	No primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease reported The study reported outcomes on effects of a dietary intervention on school children’s eating habits and laser fluorescence values of teeth
Bhardwaj 2013	The study did not have a control group
Brukiene 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported This study examined whether oral health behaviour modification based on authoritative parenting modelling is more effective than conventional approaches
Calisir 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported
Chaffee 2013	Baseline measures on dental caries not provided
Chedid 2012	This is a clinically based study
Choi 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported The study identified effects of mothers' involvement in a dental health programme involving elementary school children
Clifford 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported. The study tested whether oral health education improves knowledge and changes behaviour intentions
Cook 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported This study evaluated motivational interviewing training based on the intervention’s reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance
Drosen 2010	Baseline data on dental caries for children not reported
Evans 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported, no control group
Fernando 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported The study sought to improve oral health knowledge and practices of preschool teachers and to promote oral health among preschool children
Fracasso 2005	Baseline data on dental caries for children not reported
Freeman 2001	Control group data on dental caries not reported. Data on intervention and control groups not reported separately, and combined data as a whole for both Intervention and control groups presented
Freudenthal 2010	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported Measures reported included valuing dental health, permissiveness, convenience and change difficulty or openness to health information
Gomez 2001	Baseline data on dental caries for children not reported This is a cross‐sectional study evaluating the effectiveness of a mother‐child caries preventive programme
Gomez 2001a	Data on dental caries for children reported only at 5 to 6 years of age The study evaluated the effectiveness of a preventive programme by comparing caries prevalence among participating mothers and their children after 6 years
Gunay 1998	This is a prospective clinical study ‐ interventions were delivered in a clinical setting The study reported on effects of primary‐primary preventive measures on the oral health of children (preventing transmission of cariogenic bacteria from mother to child)
Hajimiri 2010	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported. Study reported on dental plaque
Harnacke 2012	Intervention tested consists of a toothbrushing technique only
Harrison 2007	Baseline measurements on dental caries not provided ‐ only post‐intervention measures on dental caries reported
Harrison 2010	This is a study protocol
Harrison 2012	Baseline measurements on dental caries not provided
Hartono 2002	Baseline data on dental caries not reported
Hedman 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported The paper described adolescents’ experiences of participating in a school‐based oral health intervention programme
Holmes 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported The study relates to dental public health competencies such as strategy development and implementation, leadership and collaboration for improving oral and general health outcomes
Hull 2014	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported The study describes a community‐based intervention targeting oral health self care practices among Hispanic children in the United States
Kaakko 2002	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported  Study reported on dental service utilisation rates, program expenditures and oral health effects of the programme.  Post‐test only method was used to evaluate oral health status
Kara 2006	This is a clinical study The study reported on the association between oral malodour and periodontal disease parameters
Karlsson 2007	The study is of a clinical nature (remineralisation of white spot lesions, salivary bacterial counts) and a chemical nature (amine fluoride gel and amine fluoride toothpaste)
Kramer 2007	Intervention was breastfeeding, which was not relevant to this review The study focused on effects of prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding on dental caries among children
Kumar 2012	The intervention being tested was fluoridated toothpaste. Both groups received the oral health education component
Källestål 2000	The study reports results only from baseline screening
Källestål 2005	The study examined preventive methods in clinical practice ‐ interventions provided were chemical based (fluoride varnish, fluoride lozenge) and were clinically administered (cleaning)
Laine 2014	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported
Lawrence 2004	Baseline data on children’s dental caries not reported The study used cross‐sectional and longitudinal approaches to compare children in communities with different levels of participation in the dental component of the prenatal nutrition programme. Communities were classified as “high” intervention or “low” intervention on the basis of frequency of contact and content of contact between nutrition educators and women
Luis 2008	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported The study evaluated outcomes of clinical and community dental hygiene activities for dentition status and motivation towards oral health of children
Macnab 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported
Mazzocchi 1997	Primary outcomes on dental caries or periodontal disease not reported The study presents results of a preventive programme based on a children’s book carried out in the elementary schools
Merrick 2012	This is a study protocol
Meyer 2010	This is a clinical intervention study conducted in a clinical setting
Minah 2008	The study was conducted in a clinical setting with interventions delivered by dental personnel
Mohamadkhah 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported. The study examined the impact of an oral health educational film on students’ oral health behaviour
Muralidharan 2012	This is an uncontrolled intervention trial
Nelson 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported. The study describes the design and recruitment strategies of a health promotion programme
Pakhomov 1997	This is a toothpaste trial The study reported on caries‐reducing effects of an amine fluoride toothpaste
Pattussi 2006	No intervention, cross‐sectional study on the association between neighbourhood empowerment, a scale of social capital and oral health, assessed in terms of dental caries, in adolescents
Pereira 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported. The study focuses on oral health indicators of the prevalence of oral diseases, their treatment coverage, access to health care and preventive actions in oral health
Pienihakkinen 2002	The intervention was clinically administered The study involved clinical and microbiological outcomes of risk‐based management of dental caries in comparison with routine prevention in young children
Pienihakkinen 2005	The intervention was clinically administered ‐ the study examined clinical and economic findings 7 years after cessation of the caries prevention programme
Pieper 2013	Baseline data on dental caries not reported
Plonka 2013	Data on the outcome measure not collected at baseline
Pulkallus 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported. This paper reports costs and patient outcomes of a caries prevention programme
Ramos‐Gomez 2012	Intervention is of a chemical nature (chlorhexidine mouthwash and fluoride varnish)
Redmond 1999	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported Mean proportion of sites with plaque and changes in oral health  knowledge and behaviour reported
Roberts‐Thomson 2010	The study involved only a visual assessment of gum health The study reports the impact of the intervention on oral health promotion activities in community and personal oral health practices of children
Rodrigues 2003	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported ‐ the study reported outcomes on dental plaque
Rosema 2012	Baseline data on bleeding index not reported
Sgan‐Cohen 2001	Primary outcomes on dental caries not reported The study evaluated effects of a community health education programme on reported compliance of parents related to modification of bottle feeding practices and tooth cleaning practices of infants
Silveira 2002	The study did not include a control group The study evaluated reduction on the visible plaque index and on the gum bleeding index in children
Sundell 2013	Predominantly clinic based and chemical in nature
Tagliaferro 2013	The intervention tested is given between different chemical treatments. All groups received the oral health education component
Weinstein 2011	Not a primary research study, editorial
Wennhall 2005	The study uses a historic non‐intervention reference group ‐ no baseline data reported for reference group
Whittle 2008	Baseline data or data gathered during the intervention period not reported ‐ data reported only 3 years after the intervention and again at 5 years
Wilson 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported
Worthington 2001	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported ‐ reported outcomes include dental knowledge, diet and plaque scores
Yekaninejad 2012	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported
Yusof 2013	Primary outcomes on dental caries and periodontal disease not reported
Zanata 2003	The effects of the intervention on child decay were not presented and were not the focus of the study
Zimmer 2001	Although participants were recruited from schools, interventions (fluoride varnish, oral hygiene instructions) were provided within a clinical setting (dental school) by dental professionals