Intervention(s) and comparator(s)	Participants included in analysis (N)	Participants with hypoglycaemic episodes (N)	Participants with hypoglycaemic episodes (%)	Participants with nocturnal hypoglycaemic episodes (N/%)	Participants with severe/serious hypoglycaemic episodes (N/%)	Definition of severe/serious hypoglycaemia	Participants with specific adverse events (N)	Participants with specific adverse events (%)
Avilés 1999	I: metformin	21	3	13.6	‐	0	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	22	0	10	‐	0		‐	‐
Barnett 2013	I: saxagliptin	95	Reported: 22 Confirmed: 8	23.2 8.4	‐	‐	‐	Urine tract infection: 7 Nasopharyngitis: 6 Upper resp. tract infection: 6 Headache: 5 Bronchitis: 4 Pharyngitis: 3 Influenza: 3 Hypertension: 4 Pain in extremity: 3	Urine tract infection: 7.4 Nasopharyngitis: 6.3 Upper resp. tract infection: 6.3 Headache: 5.3 Bronchitis: 4.2 Pharyngitis: 3.2 Influenza: 3.2 Hypertension: 4.2 Pain in extremity: 3.2
	C: placebo	46	Reported: 15 Confirmed: 5	32.6 10.9	‐	‐		Urine tract infection: 1 Nasopharyngitis: 1 Upper resp. tract infection: 5 Headache: 1 Bronchitis: 0 Pharyngitis: 3 Influenza: 2 Hypertension: 4 Pain in extremity: 2	Urine tract infection: 2.2 Nasopharyngitis: 2.2 Upper resp. tract infection: 10.9 Headache: 2.2 Bronchitis: 0 Pharyngitis: 6.5 Influenza: 4.3 Hypertension: 8.7 Pain in extremity: 4.3
Casner 1988	I: glibenclamide	31	"complains compatible with mild hypoglycaemia were not different between the two groups."	‐	‐	0	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	33	‐	‐	‐	0		‐	‐
Chiasson 1994	I: acarbose	35	‐	2.4	‐	/2.4	Required correction of hypoglycaemia	‐	Flatulence: 73.2 Diarrhoea: 43.6 Abdominal discomfort: 25.0
	C: placebo	44	‐	6.0	‐	/6.0		‐	Flatulence: 39.0 Diarrhoea: 20.3 Abdominal discomfort: 8.8
Coniff 1995	I: acarbose	103	0	0	‐	‐	‐	Digestive system: 78 Flatulence: 34	Digestive system: 76 Flatulence: 33
	C: placebo	104	0	0	‐	‐		Digestive system: 36 Flatulence: 14	Digestive system: 35 Flatulence: 13
Feinglos 1998	I: glipizide	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	Requiring assistance from another person		‐
	C: placebo	‐	‐	‐		‐
	all:	29	69 total episodes, number of participants not mentioned	‐	‐	1/		‐	‐
Fonseca 2007	I: vildagliptin	114	‐	22.9	‐	0	Requiring assistance of another party	‐	‐
	C: placebo	124	‐	29.6	‐	‐		‐	‐
Fritsche 2000	I: metformin	‐	0	0	0	0	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	‐	0	0	0	0		‐	‐
	all:	13	0	0	0	0		‐	‐
Giugliano 1993	I: metformin	27	0	0	‐	‐	‐	Diarrhoea: 2	Diarrhoea: 7.4
	C: placebo	23	0	0	‐	‐		Diarrhoea: ‐	Diarrhoea: ‐
Groop 1985	I: glibenclamide	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
	all:	13	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Hermann 2001	I: metformin	16	2	‐	‐	0	‐	Diarrhoea: 6 Flatulence: 1 Epigastic pain: 0 Anorexia: 2 Constipation: 1 Sweating: 0 GI‐event: 8	‐
	C: placebo	19	0	‐	‐	0		Diarrhoea: 1 Flatulence: 3 Epigastric pain: 1 Anorexia: 1 Constipation: 1 Sweating: 1 GI‐event: 5	‐
Hirsch 1999	I: metformin	25	‐	‐	‐	0	‐	Gastro‐intestinal side effects: 3	Gastro‐intestinal side effects: 12.0
	C: placebo	25	‐	‐	‐	0		Gastro‐intestinal side effects: 0	Gastro‐intestinal side effects: 0
Hong 2012	I: sitagliptin	61	‐	8.2	‐	1.6	Any episode requiring assistance from another party with plasma glucose value < 3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL)	‐	‐
	C: insulin increase	63	‐	17.5	‐	4.8		‐	‐
Kitabchi 1987	I: tolazamide	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: NPH alone	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Krawczyk 2005	I: metformin	20	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: insulin alone	20	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Kyllastinen 1985	I: glibenclamide	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Lewitt 1989	I: glibenclamide	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Lindström 1999	I: glibenclamide	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
	all:	15	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Longnecker 1986	I: tolazamide	‐		0	0	0	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	‐		0	0	0		‐	‐
	all:	11		0	0	0		‐	‐
Mattoo 2005	I: pioglitazone	128	109	63.4	‐	‐	Requiring assistance	Oedema: 20	Oedema: 14.1
	C: placebo	135	98	51.0	‐	‐		Oedema: 5	Oedema: 3.4
Mauerhoff 1986	I: glibenclamide	11	107 episodes	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	11	25 episodes	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Mezitis 1992	I: glibenclamide	10	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	10	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Mudaliar 2010	I: pioglitazone	12	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	13	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Nemoto 2011	I: miglitol	107	122 episodes	39.3	13 episodes	‐	‐	‐	Flatulence: 20.6 Diarrhoea: 14.0 Abdominal distension: 15.0
	C: placebo	100	91 episodes	35.0	29 episodes	‐		‐	Flatulence: 12.0 Diarrhoea: 4.0 Abdominal distension: 4.0
Osei 1984	I: glibenclamide	6	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	11	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Quartraro 1986	I: gliclazide	15	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: insulin alone	15	‐	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Reich 1987	I: glibenclamide	10	3 (5 episodes)	30.0	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	10	10 episodes	‐	‐	‐		‐	‐
Relimpio 1998	I: metformin	24	‐	‐	‐	0	‐	‐	‐
	C: insulin dose increase	23	‐	‐	‐	0		‐	‐
Robinson 1998	I: metformin	‐	‐	‐	‐	0	‐	‐	Diarrhoea: 5.0 Mild abdominal bloating: 5.0
	C: placebo	‐	‐	‐	‐	0		‐	Diarrhoea: 0 Mild abdominal bloating: 0
	all:	19	‐	‐	‐	0		‐	‐
Rosenstock 2002	I1: pioglitazone 15 mg	191	‐	7.9	‐	0	‐	‐	Oedema: 12.6
	I2: pioglitazone 30 mg	188	‐	15.4	‐	0		‐	Oedema: 17.6
	C: placebo	187	‐	4.8	‐	0		‐	Oedema: 7.0
Schade 1987	I: glibenclamide	16	6	37.5	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	16	1	6.3	‐	‐		‐	‐
Schiel 2007	I1: glimepiride	17	‐	59	‐	0	Need for intravenous glucose or glucagon	0	0
	I2: glimepiride + metformin	18	‐	72	‐	0		Gastrointestinal discomfort: 2	Gastrointestinal discomfort: 11.1
	C: insulin	17	‐	77	‐	0		0	0
Simpson 1990	I: glipizide	9	4	44.4	‐	‐	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	10	0	0	‐	‐		‐	‐
Stenman 1988	I: glibenclamide	15	13	86.7	‐	0	‐	‐	‐
	C: placebo	15	8	53.3	‐	0		‐	‐
Strowig 2002	I1: metformin	27	0.6 episodes per participant per month	‐	‐	0	Third party assistance	‐	Gastrointestinal side effects: 67
	I2: troglitazone	30	1.7 episodes per participant per month	‐	‐	0		‐	Gastrointestinal side effects:36.7
	C: insulin	31	2 episodes per participant per month	‐	‐	1/3.2		‐	Gastrointestinal side effects: 13
Wulffelé 2002	I: metformin	171	‐	36.8	‐	‐	Third party assistance	Diarrhoea: 9 Flatulence: 4 Pruritus: 1 Headaches: 1 Pyrosis: 0 Nausea: 1	‐
	C: placebo	182	‐	32.4	‐	‐		Diarrhoea: 2 Flatulence: 1 Pruritus: 0 Headaches: 0 Pyrosis: 1 Nausea: 0	‐
Yilmaz 2007	I1: acarbose	15	1	6.7	‐	0	Unable to treat themselves	Flatulence and bloating: 2	Flatulence and bloating: 13.3
	I2: metformin	17	2	11.8	‐	0		Gastrointestinal side effects: 3	Gastrointestinal side effects: 17.7
	I3: rosiglitazone	15	2	13.3	‐	0		Pretibial oedema: 1	Pretibial oedema: 6.7
	C: insulin alone	19	2	10.5	‐	0		Pretibial oedema: 1	Pretibial oedema: 5.3
‐ denotes not reported C: comparator; I: intervention; NPH: Neutral Protamine Hagedorn