Chang 2009

Methods	RCT enrolled: 58 evaluated: 58
Participants	older than 18 years of age recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) class 1 or 2 Karnofsky performance status 70 or more one to three newly diagnosed brain metastases eligible for radiosurgery excluded if leukemia, lymphoma, germ cell, small cell cancer, leptomeningeal disease or unknown primary tumour
Interventions	radiosurgery and whole brain radiotherapy versus radiosurgery alone
Outcomes	Primary: neurocognitive endpoint of total recall
Notes	the trial was stopped early (based on early stopping rules) on the basis that there was a high probability (96%) that patients randomized to radiosurgery and whole brain radiotherapy were more likely to show a decline in learning and memory