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. 2016 Sep 21;2016(9):CD005001. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005001.pub3

Schwartz 2007 AET.

Methods RCT, parallel 3‐group design, stratified according to menopausal status (premenopausal or postmenopausal).
Study start and stop dates: not reported
 Length of intervention: 6 months
 Length of follow‐up: end of intervention
Participants 72 breast cancer patients, stages I to III (histologically confirmed); planning to begin chemotherapy with doxorubicin or methotrexate and receiving a glucocorticoid as part of the antiemetic regimen.
Strenuous regular exercisers, that is women who exercised more than 250 minutes per week, were excluded
Interventions Intervention group 1 (n = 22): 'Schwartz AET' Aerobic exercise training (participant preferences); 77% weight‐bearing activities (walking/running), 15 to 30 minutes, 4 days per week
Intervention group 2 (n = 21): 'Schwartz RET' Resistance exercise (Thera‐Band), 2 sets of 8 exercises (4 upper and 4 lower body)
Control group (n = 23): usual care, women were instructed to continue usual activities, were not instructed to avoid exercise
Outcomes
  • Cardiorespiratory fitness: 12‐minute walk test

  • Strength: 1 repetition maximum

  • Bone mass density: Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry


Outcomes measured at baseline and 6 months
Notes Funding: Not reported
Conflict of interest: Not reported
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk Method of randomisation not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Not described
Blinding of participants 
 All outcomes High risk Not done
Blinding of personnel/care providers 
 All outcomes High risk Not reported
Comment: probably not done
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 Fitness outcomes High risk Not reported
Comment: probably not done
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 All outcomes except fitness outcomes Unclear risk No other relevant outcomes
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Drop‐out:
  • Intervention group 1 (aerobic): 8.3% (2/24)

  • Intervention group 2 (resistance): 8.7% (2/23)

  • Control group: 8% (2/25)


All participants: 8.3% (6/72)
No data imputation
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Unclear risk No study protocol published
Group similarity at baseline Low risk No significant differences
Adherence Unclear risk No adherence data available
Contamination Unclear risk Not reported. Control group not sedentary before cancer diagnosis