Pettersson 2004.

Methods	Parallel‐group randomized controlled trial, conducted in Sweden. Study dates not reported
Participants	60 elective coronary artery bypass or aortic valve replacement surgery patients
Interventions	Early extubation (about 2 hours after surgery) in 30 participants Usual care (about 6 hours after surgery) in 30 participants Details of who decided when to extubate were not given.
Outcomes	Risk of mortality at 30 days after surgery Time to extubation Length of stay in hospital
Notes	Both groups received the same propofol and remifentanil‐based anaesthesia. The study focused on postoperative pain scores. No power calculation was done. No details about funding source were given. Details of any declarations of conflict of interest among study authors were not provided.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details given
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Sealed envelopes
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No details given
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	"Three patients in late extubation group excluded because of incomplete data protocol"
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All outcomes collected and reported
Other bias	Low risk	Participant demographics, anaesthesia drugs used and type of surgery were similar between the 2 groups.