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. 2016 Jul 18;2016(7):CD007025. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007025.pub4

Spirito 2004.

Methods Design: RCT
Follow‐up: 3, 6, 12 months
Attrition: 10.5%
Participants Mean age (years): 15.6
Sex: 36% female
N participants: 152
Allocation: n = 78 intervention n = 74 control
Setting: emergency department of hospital; higher risk patients
Country: USA
Interventions Programme type: motivational interviewing
Set‐up: single individual session
Key components: exploration of motivation; feedback, establishing goals
Duration: 35‐45 min
Control: alternative intervention
Outcomes Outcomes: alcohol‐related injuries; drink‐driving; drinking days per month; drinking quantity; binge drinking frequency; frequency of intoxication past 3 months; alcohol‐related problems
Measures: Adolescent Injury Checklist; Young Adult Drinking and Driving Questionnaire; Adolescent Drinking Questionnaire; Adolescent Health Behavior Questionnaire
Funding and Declared Conflicts of Interest Funded by NIAAA. No information or declarations about potential conflicts of interest
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Low risk Patients were randomly assigned to the MI or SC plus assessment condition using a random numbers table
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Unclear risk Insufficient information to permit judgement
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk Low attrition (10.5%)
Selective reporting (reporting bias) Low risk All expected outcomes reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) 
 All outcomes High risk Not possible to blind participants to intervention. Insufficient information to make a judgement about blinding of therapists
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) 
 All outcomes Low risk All follow‐up interviews were conducted by research assistants who were blind to treatment group assignment
Unit of Analysis issues Low risk Not applicable