Comparison 28. ROP examination: sucrose (24%) by syringe + swaddled + pacifier versus water by syringe + swaddled + pacifier.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 PIPP during examination	1	32	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [‐2.08, 2.08]
2 Crying time (%)	1	32	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐10.0 [‐32.91, 12.91]
3 Heart rate (beats/min)	1	32	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐6.0 [‐19.33, 7.33]
4 Mean blood pressure (mmHg)	1	32	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐5.00 [‐18.48, 4.48]
5 Respiratory rate (breaths/min)	1	32	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.0 [‐5.07, 9.07]
6 Oxygen saturation (%)	1	32	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	‐1.00 [‐5.86, ‐0.14]