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. 2014 Jan 7;2014(1):CD004054. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004054.pub3

2. Childrens' skin condition (severity) after dermatology consultation (Niebel 2000).

Severity score DE (pre) DE (post) VE (pre) VE (post) Control (pre) Control (post) ANOVA/ANCOVA P value
Rajka & Langeland criteria                
1. General severity 3.9 (SD 1.19) 3.2 (SD 1.47) 4.2 (SD 0.94) 3 (SD 1.25) 4 (SD 1.1) 3.71 (SD 2.43) Z:F (1/36) = 5.76 P < 0.022
2. Surface area 1.9 (SD 0.88) 1.7 (SD 0.82) 2 (SD 0.53) 1.47 (SD 0.64) 1.71 (SD 0.61) 1.36 (SD 0.63) Z:F (1/36) = 10.87 P < 0.002
3. Pruritus 2 (SD 0.67) 1.5 (SD 0.71) 2.2 (SD 0.56) 1.53 (SD 0.64) 2.29 (SD 0.61) 2.36 (SD 2.34) Z:F (1/36) = 2.09 P < 0.15
Hanifin criteria                
1. Erythema 1 (SD 0.65) 0.58 (SD 0.61) 2.4 (SD 0.66) 1.53 (SD 1.06) 1.71 (SD 0.8) 1.36 (SD 1.15) Z:F (1/39) = 11.34 P < 0.002
2. Excoriation 1.61 (SD 0.98) 0.65 (SD 0.85) 2.13 (SD 0.95) 1.3 (SD 1.06) 1.86 (SD 0.95) 1.07 (SD 1.21) Z:F (1/39) = 15.6 P < 0.0001
3. Lichenification 1.54 (SD 0.96) 0.75 (SD 0.84) 2.27 (SD 0.96) 2 (SD 1.25) 2.14 (SD 0.86) 1.86 (SD 1.03) Z:F (1/38) = 7.12 P < 0.01
4. Flaking 1.73 (SD 0.83) 1.04 (SD 0.9) 1.57 (SD 0.75) 1.3 (SD 0.98) 2.07 (SD 0.92) 1.77 (SD 0.96) Z:F (1/39) = 5.73 P < 0.022
5. Induration 0.83 (SD 0.94) 0.42 (SD 0.7) 1.7 (SD 0.78) 0.93 (SD 1.16) 1.11 (SD 1.08) 0.68 (SD 0.72) Z:F (1/38) = 14.48 P < 0.0001
6. Inflammation 1.13 (SD 0.86) 0.5 (SD 0.56) 1.53 (SD 1.13) 0.67 (SD 1.13) 0.93 (SD 0.99) 0.29 (SD 0.61) Z:F (1/38) = 13.48 P < 0.001
SCORAD (summary) N/A N/A 55.91 (18.45) 36.91 (25.95) 48.66 (SD 15.43) 32.33 (SD 17.75) Z:F (1/27) = 22.42 P < 0.0001

DE = Direkte ElternSchulung (direct parent education)
 VE = Video ElternSchulung (video education of parents)
 Control = dermatological standard treatment
 pre = prior to the intervention
 post = at follow‐up after 4 months
 SCORAD = Scoring Index of Atopic Dermatitis
 Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
 Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)