1. Molecular‐targeted agents for advanced gastric cancer.
Molecular target | Mechanism of action | Targeted agent | Phase of development | |
EGFR‐targeting agent | Anti‐EGFR mAb | Cetuximab | III | |
Panitumumab | III | |||
EGFR TKIs | Erlotinib | II | ||
Gefitinib | II | |||
Anti‐HER‐2 mAb | Trastuzumab | III | ||
HER‐2 and EGFR TKI | Lapatinib | III | ||
VEGF‐targeting agent | Anti‐VEGF mAb | Bevacizumab | III | |
Anti‐VEGFR mAb | Ramucirumab | III | ||
VEGFR TKI | MTI, targeted on VEGFR, PDGFR and Raf | Sunitinib | II | |
Sorafenib | II | |||
MTI, targeted on VEGFR, PDGFR and c‐Kit | Cediranib | II | ||
mainly targeted on VEGFR‐2 | Apatinib | III | ||
P13K/mTOR‐targeting agent | mTOR inhibitor | Everolimus | III | |
HGF/MET‐targeting agent | MET TKI | Foretinib | I‐II | |
Crizotinib | I‐II | |||
anti‐MET antibody | Onartuzumab | II | ||
anti‐HGF antibody | Rilotumumab | III | ||
MMP‐targeting agent | MMP inhibitor | Marimastat | III | |
FGF‐targeting agent | FGFR inhibitor | AZD 4547 | II | |
dual inhibitor of FGF and VEGF | Brivanib | II | ||
HDAC‐targeting agent | HDAC inhibitor | Vorinostat | I‐II | |
EpCAM‐targeting agent | Trifuctional bispecific antibody | Catumaxomab | II |
EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; FGF: fibroblast growth factor; FGFR: fibroblast growth factor receptor; HDAC: histone deacetylase; HGF: hepatocyte growth factor; mAb: monoclonal antibodies; MMP: matrix metalloproteinase; MTI: multi‐targeted TKI; mTOR: mammalian target of rapamycin; PDGFR: platelet derived growth factor receptor; TKI: tyrosine kinase inhibitor; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR: vascular endothelial growth factor receptor