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. 2016 Oct 11;2016(10):CD012371. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012371

Comparison 1. All psychotherapies versus control (short‐term).

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
1 PTSD diagnosis 5 874 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.51 [0.34, 0.77]
1.1 CBT 3 769 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.59 [0.43, 0.80]
1.2 EMDR 1 40 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.2 [0.01, 4.44]
1.3 Family therapy 1 65 Odds Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.11 [0.02, 0.56]
2 PTSD total symptoms 15 2051 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.42 [‐0.61, ‐0.24]
2.1 CBT 6 1329 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.37 [‐0.55, ‐0.19]
2.2 EMDR 1 24 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.77 [‐1.61, 0.06]
2.3 Family therapy 2 95 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.53 [‐0.94, ‐0.12]
2.4 Narrative 1 64 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.23 [‐0.26, 0.72]
2.5 Psychoeducation 2 215 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.19 [‐0.69, 0.30]
2.6 Supportive therapy 2 272 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.40 [‐0.95, 0.15]
2.7 CBT + narrative therapy 1 52 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.96 [‐2.63, ‐1.29]
3 PTSD avoidance 2 205 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.02 [‐0.29, 0.26]
3.1 Narrative 1 158 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.05 [‐0.27, 0.36]
3.2 Psychoeducation 1 47 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.23 [‐0.80, 0.35]
4 PTSD hyperarousal 2 205 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.05 [‐0.22, 0.32]
4.1 Narrative 1 158 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.21, 0.41]
4.2 Psychoeducation 1 47 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.12 [‐0.70, 0.45]
5 PTSD intrusion 2 205 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.11 [‐0.16, 0.39]
5.1 Narrative 1 158 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.15 [‐0.16, 0.46]
5.2 Psychoeducation 1 47 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.02 [‐0.59, 0.55]
6 Anxiety total symptoms 7 959 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐0.26, 0.00]
6.1 CBT 2 557 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐0.30, 0.04]
6.2 Counselling 1 130 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.20 [‐0.56, 0.16]
6.3 EMDR 1 40 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.66 [‐1.30, ‐0.03]
6.4 Exposure 1 65 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.01 [‐0.48, 0.51]
6.5 Narrative 1 111 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐0.58, 0.17]
6.6 Psychoeducation 1 56 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐0.21, 0.85]
7 Anxiety ‐ state 2 70 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.64 [‐1.12, ‐0.16]
7.1 CBT 1 46 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.71 [‐1.31, ‐0.12]
7.2 EMDR 1 24 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.51 [‐1.33, 0.31]
8 Anxiety ‐ trait 2 70 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.34 [‐0.81, 0.14]
8.1 CBT 1 46 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.36 [‐0.94, 0.22]
8.2 EMDR 1 24 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.29 [‐1.10, 0.51]
9 Depression 13 1569 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐0.30, 0.04]
9.1 CBT 6 1191 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.21 [‐0.42, ‐0.00]
9.2 EMDR 2 64 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.39 [‐1.41, 0.64]
9.3 Exposure 1 52 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.10 [‐0.45, 0.65]
9.4 Family therapy 1 30 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.05 [‐0.66, 0.77]
9.5 Narrative 2 176 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.13 [‐0.52, 0.77]
9.6 Psychoeducation 1 56 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.09 [‐0.43, 0.62]
10 Behaviour ‐ total 3 166 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.51, 0.42]
10.1 EMDR 1 24 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.44 [‐1.25, 0.37]
10.2 Exposure 1 77 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.34 [‐0.11, 0.80]
10.3 Family therapy 1 65 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.23 [‐0.72, 0.26]
11 Behaviour ‐ internalising 10 719 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.04 [‐0.20, 0.13]
11.1 CBT 2 162 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.13 [‐0.44, 0.18]
11.2 EMDR 2 64 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.57 [‐1.07, ‐0.07]
11.3 Exposure 1 77 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.38 [‐0.08, 0.84]
11.4 Family therapy 1 30 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.32 [‐0.40, 1.04]
11.5 Narrative 2 180 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [‐0.18, 0.41]
11.6 Psychoeducation 2 206 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.38, 0.17]
12 Behaviour ‐ externalising 12 1174 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.10 [‐0.33, 0.14]
12.1 CBT 3 565 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.11 [‐0.28, 0.06]
12.2 EMDR 2 64 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.55 [‐1.19, 0.10]
12.3 Exposure 1 77 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.49 [0.03, 0.95]
12.4 Family therapy 1 30 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.23 [‐0.49, 0.95]
12.5 Narrative 2 180 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.20 [‐0.41, 0.81]
12.6 Psychoeducation 2 206 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.03 [‐0.52, 0.46]
12.7 CBT + narrative therapy 1 52 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐1.06 [‐1.64, ‐0.47]
13 Functional impairment 2   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
13.1 CBT 2 557 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.41 [‐0.59, ‐0.24]
14 Quality of life 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Totals not selected
14.1 Supportive therapy 1   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
15 Loss to follow‐up 26 3872 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.98 [0.69, 1.39]
15.1 CBT 14 2913 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.87 [0.47, 1.62]
15.2 Counselling 1 164 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.56 [0.30, 1.03]
15.3 EMDR 2 92 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.64 [0.48, 5.59]
15.4 Exposure 1 16 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
15.5 Family therapy 2 105 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.44 [0.48, 4.30]
15.6 Narrative 2 280 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 0.87 [0.32, 2.39]
15.7 Psychoeducation 3 274 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.21 [0.75, 1.96]
15.8 Psychodrama 1 28 Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI) 1.5 [0.29, 7.65]