Damra 2014.
Methods | Randomised trial of trauma‐focused CBT vs no treatment in children who had been physically abused | |
Participants |
Included (n = 18) Physically abused children who were referred by local community organisations and other local child protection institutes. Mean age: 11.3 years. Female: 0. Types of trauma: All had undergone physical abuse (most within 4 to 6 months before therapy) and had clinical symptoms of PTSD and depression for ≥ 5 weeks before. treatment. Mean PTSS‐C: TF‐CBT 23.66, control 24.55 (moderate to severe range) Excluded Not stated Setting Child care unit at Institute for Family Health (Jordan 2012) |
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Interventions |
Trauma‐focused CBT (n = 9) Trauma‐related cognitions and feelings, along with skills training. Parents also received ‘Better Parenting Skills Education’. Ten sessions of 60 minutes (90 minutes for 2 Better Parenting sessions) for children and parents over 2 weeks Therapists Two qualified and accredited registered child counsellors who had previous experience working with abused children and had attended 6 days of TF‐CBT training. Counsellors were supervised for every session and via meetings or email. Sessions were directly monitored by the supervisor Control (n = 9) No treatment |
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Outcomes |
PTSD symptoms Scale: Post‐Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Children (PTSS‐C; 30‐item) Rater: child/adolescent Depression Scale: Children’s Depression Inventory (27‐item) Rater: child/adolescent When Post treatment and at 4‐month follow‐up |
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Notes | PTSD symptom data were not added to meta‐analyses because the effect sizes were several times higher than the overall estimate and contributed substantial heterogeneity | |
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not described |
Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not described |
Blinding of participants (performance bias | High risk | Control group appears to have been given no treatment |
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | High risk | Self report measures were used, and participants probably realised whether or not they were receiving treatment |
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | Follow‐up appears to have been 100% |
Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Unclear risk | Protocol not identified |
Other bias | Unclear risk | Comparison between groups not explored |