Lester 1981.

Methods	RCT, DB, parallel groups Duration 7 days Assessment on days 3, 7
Participants	Sprained ankle Baseline pain slight to severe N = 42 (50 randomised: 4 ineligible, 4 lost to follow‐up) M = 20, F = 22 Age range 15 to 60+ years
Interventions	Salicylic acid (2%), adrenal extract (1%), mucopolysaccharide polysulphate (0.2%) gel (Movelat), n = 20 Placebo gel, n = 22
Outcomes	Relief of pain Time to return to normal activity Adverse events Composite score based on above plus ankle range of movement, swelling Withdrawals
Notes	Oxford Quality Score: R1, DB1, W0. Total = 2/5 Tubes of Movelat and placebo gel supplied by Luitpold‐Werk
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method used to generate random sequence not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method not described
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Method not described
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	4 participants lost to follow‐up (did not state group)
Size	High risk	< 50 participants per treatment arm