| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Abdalla 2003 | Insufficient diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Adisa 2014 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancers |
| Alexakis 2015 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Altieri 1982 | Wrong target condition |
| Andren‐Sandberg 1998 | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Arnold 2001 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Atanov 1972 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancers |
| Awad 1997 | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Baghbanian 2013 | Not clear whether histopathological confirmation of metastasis was obtained |
| Baghbanian 2014 | Not clear whether histopathological confirmation of metastasis was obtained |
| Balcom 2000 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Barabino 2011 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Barrat 1998 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancers |
| Barreiro 2002 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Barthet 2007 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Baumgarten 1984 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Beger 1997 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Belagyi 2000 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Bemelman 1995 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Bohmig 2001 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Borbath 2005 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Boselli 2000 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Bottger 1998 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Boyce 1992 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Caldironi 1996 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Callery 1997 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary carcinoma |
| Callery 2009 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Camacho 2005 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Carmichael 1995 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Carpenter 1996 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Catheline 1998 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Catheline 1999 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Chambon 1995 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Champault 1996 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Champault 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Charukhchyan 1998 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Cipollone 2012 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Conlon 1997 | The number of participants with pancreatic or periampullary cancers is not stated |
| Conlon 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Conlon 2002 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Connor 2004 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Croome 2009 | Insufficient diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Croome 2010 | Insufficient diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Cuesta 1993 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Cuschieri 1978 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Cuschieri 1988 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| D'Angelica 2003 | Wrong target condition |
| Dadan 1980 | Insufficient diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Doran 2004 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Doucas 2007 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Duffy 2008 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Durup Scheel‐Hincke 1999 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Eigler 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Ellsmere 2005 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Enestvedt 2008 | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Fernandez‐del Castillo 1994 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Fernandez‐del Castillo 1998 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Ferrone 2006 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Feussner 2000 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Fevery 1985 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Fockens 1993 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Friess 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Friess 1998 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Fristrup 2006 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Fukumoto 1989 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Garcea 2012 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Garofalo 2009 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Gouma 1996 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Gouma 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Gouma 2002 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Hann 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Hashimoto 2015 | In this study, all 11 participants who underwent diagnostic laparoscopy and laparotomy had resectable pancreatic cancers. There were therefore no true positives and false negatives for estimation of sensitivity, and this study was excluded |
| Healthcare 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Heger 2008 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Hernandezguio 1965 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Herrera 2003 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Hidalgo 2004 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Hohenberger 2000 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Holzman 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Hunerbein 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Hunerbein 2001 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Ialongo 2010 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Ialongo 2015 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Ido 1982 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Ihse 1984 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Ishida 1983 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Ishida 1984 | Wrong target condition |
| Ivanov 1989 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Jackowski 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Jakobs 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Jarnagin 2000 | Wrong target condition |
| Jayakrishnan 2015 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Jerby 1998 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Jimenez 2000 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Jimenez 2000a | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| John 1999 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Juzkow 1996 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Kadar 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Kanazawa 1983 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Kaplan 1979 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Karachristos 2005 | Intervention between index test and reference standard |
| Kellokumpu 1996 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Kelly 2009 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Khamdanov 1983 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Kiyonaga 1982 | Wrong target condition |
| Klingler 2000 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Krahenbuhl 1997 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Krustev 1998 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Kubyshkin 2000 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Kuster 1967 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Kwon 2002 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Lavonius 2001 | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Lightdale 1992 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Liu 2004 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Long 2005 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Luque‐de Leon 1998 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Luque‐de Leon 1999 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Macutkiewicz 2009 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Madsen 1994 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Madsen 1994a | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Maire 2004 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Maithel 2008 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Meduri 1994 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Metcalfe 2003 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Meyer 1973 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Misra 2012 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Molnar 2010 | The proportion of patients who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Morak 2009 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Morganti 2005 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Mortensen 1996 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Muniraj 2013 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Muntean 2009 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Munteanu 2010 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Murugiah 1993 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Nagy 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Nieveen 1996 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Nieveen 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Nieveen 1998 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Nieveen 1999 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Nieveen 2000 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Nieveen 2003 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Nieveen 2003a | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Occelli 1999 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Palanivelu 2001 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Parks 2000 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Pedrazzoli 1994 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Pelton 1998 | Insufficient diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Pietrabissa 1996 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Pietrabissa 1996a | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Pietrabissa 1999 | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Pisters 2001 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Potkonjak 1974 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Ramshaw 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Ribero 1994 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Rodgers 2003 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Rothlin 1996 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Rumstadt 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Rumstadt 1997a | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Saeian 1999 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Sand 1996 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Santoro 2012 | No information on whether the distant metastases were confirmed histologically as metastases |
| Sato 1985 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Satoi 2011 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Schachter 1999 | Wrong target condition |
| Schmidt 1997 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Schmied 2000 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Schmielau 1997 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Schneider 2003 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Schnelldorfer 2014 | Not clear whether histopathological confirmation of metastasis was obtained |
| Schrenk 1994 | Number of participants with pancreatic or periampullary cancer was not reported |
| Schrenk 1995 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Schwab 1996 | Includes participants with unresectable cancers on CT scan |
| Sperlongano 2005 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Sperlongano 2006 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Tang 2001 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Tapper 2011 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Taylor 2001 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Terrosu 2000 | Number of participants with pancreatic or periampullary cancer was not reported |
| Thomson 2006 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Tilleman 2004 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Tilleman 2004a | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Toughrai 2013 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| van Delden 1996 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| van Dijkum 1997 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Velanovich 1998 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| Velanovich 2004 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Velasco 2000 | The proportion of participants who were considered to be resectable after CT scan is not known |
| Vollmer 2002 | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Warshaw 1990 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Warshaw 1990a | Includes participants who were considered to be unresectable by CT scan |
| Watanabe 1993 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Weiner 1995 | No separate data available for pancreatic or periampullary cancer |
| White 2001 | Intervention between index test and reference standard |
| White 2004 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| White 2008 | Wrong target condition |
| Wilson 2010 | Not a diagnostic accuracy study |
| Yoshida 2002 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
| Zhao 2003 | No diagnostic test accuracy data available for diagnostic laparoscopy |
CT: computed tomography