Table 4.
Association of falls with hypertension drug class and confounders (for treated hypertension subjects with known drugs, N=3864)*
| Drugs | N (%) | IRR† (95% CI) | p value | IRR (95% CI) | p value | IRR (95% CI) | p value | IRR (95% CI) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aldosterone inhibitor | 128 (3.3) | 1.06 (0.79–1.43) | 0.72 | 1.18 (0.88–1.59) | 0.26 | 1.05 (0.77–1.44) | 0.77 | 1.12 (0.81–1.54) | 0.50 |
| Alpha blocker | 34 (0.9) | 1.40 (0.82–2.47) | 0.22 | 1.29 (0.76–2.25) | 0.36 | 1.16 (0.66–2.07) | 0.62 | 1.22 (0.68–2.25) | 0.51 |
| Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor | 1192 (30.8) | 0.99 (0.87–1.13) | 0.86 | 0.97 (0.85–1.10) | 0.62 | 0.95 (0.83–1.09) | 0.45 | 0.94 (0.82–1.09) | 0.42 |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker | 1024 (26.5) | 0.97 (0.85–1.1) | 0.65 | 1.00 (0.87–1.13) | 0.99 | 1.08 (0.94–1.24) | 0.28 | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) | 0.29 |
| Beta blocker | 1572 (40.7) | 1.29 (1.15–1.44) | <0.0001 | 1.23 (1.10–1.37) | 0.0003 | 1.14 (1.01–1.28) | 0.03 | 1.06 (0.94–1.20) | 0.34 |
| Centrally acting | 86 (2.2) | 0.95 (0.66–1.38) | 0.79 | 1.07 (0.74–1.56) | 0.71 | 0.69 (0.44–1.07) | 0.09 | 0.69 (0.43–1.10) | 0.11 |
| Dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker | 1122 (29.0) | 0.85 (0.76–0.97) | 0.01 | 0.91 (0.81–1.03) | 0.13 | 0.98 (0.86–1.11) | 0.72 | 0.98 (0.86–1.12) | 0.79 |
| Direct Renin Inhibitor | 13 (0.3) | 1.08 (0.45–2.77) | 0.87 | 1.09 (0.46–2.74) | 0.84 | 1.39 (0.58–3.52) | 0.47 | 1.01 (0.38–2.74) | 0.99 |
| Nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker | 309 (8.0) | 1.00 (0.82–1.23) | 1.00 | 1.01 (0.82–1.23) | 0.95 | 1.01 (0.82–1.25) | 0.91 | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) | 0.99 |
| Potassiumsparing diuretic | 282 (7.3) | 1.08 (0.86–1.35) | 0.51 | 1.10 (0.88–1.38) | 0.41 | 1.14 (0.91–1.4) | 0.26 | 1.13 (0.89–1.44) | 0.32 |
| Thiazide diuretic | 1625 (42.1) | 0.81 (0.72–0.91) | 0.0004 | 0.86 (0.77–0.97) | 0.01 | 0.90 (0.80–1.02) | 0.10 | 0.96 (0.85–1.09) | 0.53 |
| Vasodilator | 72 (1.9) | 0.95 (0.64–1.43) | 0.81 | 0.96 (0.65–1.43) | 0.85 | 1.10 (0.73–1.67) | 0.67 | 1.18 (0.78–1.80) | 0.44 |
*
Model 1 adjusts for age, race/ethnicity, and education. Model 2 additionally adjusts for alcohol use, body mass index, number of chronic conditions, vision (excellent, very good, good, fair, poor), and bodily pain (none, very mild, mild, moderate, severe). Model 3 additionally adjusts for Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score. Results in bold font are statistically significant at p<0.05.
†
Incidence rate ratio