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. 2019 Apr 4;10:268. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00268

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Domains of DNMTs and TETs. (A) The N-terminal and C-terminal domains of DNMTs. In the N-terminus of each Dnmt is a cysteine rich region. In Dnmt1 this region contains a CXXC zinc finger which is thought to aid in DNA binding (Frauer et al., 2011). Dnmt3a and 3b both contain a PWWP domain that specifically recognizes the repressive histone 3 lysine 36 trimethylation mark (H3K36me3) found in heterochromatin (Dhayalan et al., 2010). Dnmt3L contains a PHD-like cysteine rich domain that closely resembles the PHD domain encoded in Dnmt3a and 3b’s ATRX domain (Hata et al., 2002). All the DNMTs have a conserved C-terminal catalytic domain (I, IV, VI, IX, and X are the most conserved motifs in cytosine methyltransferases) responsible for modifying pyrimidines. NLS, nuclear localization signal; RFT, replication foci-targeting domain. (B) Domains of TET1, TET2, and TET3. Each TET protein has a core catalytic domain structured as a double stranded beta helix and a cys-regulatory region. Only TET1 and TET3 contain a CXXC domain to facilitate chromatin binding.