Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics by occurrence of serve hypoglycaemia events among youth and young adults with type 1 diabetes in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Cohort Study, 2010‐2015
| Characteristics | 0 events (n = 2231) | 1 or more events (n = 168) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at follow‐up visit, mean years (SD) | 17.2 (4.6) | 18.4 (5.4) | 0.007 |
| Female, % | 50.9 | 43.5 | 0.07 |
| Male, % | 49.1 | 56.6 | |
| Race/ethnicity, % | |||
| Hispanic | 10.8 | 12.5 | 0.58 |
| Non‐Hispanic Black | 12.2 | 8.9 | |
| Non‐Hispanic White | 74.5 | 76.2 | |
| Non‐Hispanic other | 2.5 | 2.4 | |
| Highest parental education, % | |||
| <High school | 3.9 | 2.4 | 0.82 |
| High school graduate | 11.8 | 10.8 | |
| Some college or higher | 32.7 | 34.3 | |
| College graduate or higher | 51.6 | 52.4 | |
| Health insurance, % | |||
| None | 1.4 | 1.8 | 0.52 |
| Other | 2.2 | 3.6 | |
| Medicare/Medicaid | 17.7 | 18.1 | |
| Private | 78.8 | 76.5 | |
| Smoking status, % | |||
| Never | 66.0 | 59.1 | 0.28 |
| Former | 19.2 | 22.0 | |
| Current | 14.9 | 18.2 | |
| Physical activitya,% | |||
| No | 45.8 | 29.7 | 0.0003 |
| Yes | 54.2 | 70.3 | |
| Age at diabetes diagnosis, mean years (SD) | 9.2 (4.3) | 10.0 (4.9) | 0.02 |
| Duration of diabetes, mean years (SD) | 7.9 | 8.3 | 0.06 |
| BMI category at baseline visitb, % | |||
| Normal or underweight | 67.2 | 64.1 | 0.64 |
| Overweight | 19.3 | 20.3 | |
| Obesity | 13.5 | 15.7 | |
| BMI category at follow‐up visitb, % | |||
| Normal or underweight | 61.6 | 52.8 | 0.03 |
| Overweight | 25.1 | 27.0 | |
| Obesity | 13.2 | 20.1 | |
| HbA1c at baseline visit, mean % (SD) | 7.7 (1.5) | 7.9 (1.7) | 0.13 |
| Mean mmol/mol | 61 | 63 | |
| HbA1c at follow‐up visit, mean % (SD) | 9.2 (1.9) | 8.7 (1.8) | 0.001 |
| Mean mmol/mol | 77 | 72 | |
| Use of continuous glucose monitors (CGM), % | 18.1 | 21.1 | 0.35 |
| Insulin regimen, % | |||
| Pump | 55.9 | 51.2 | 0.23 |
| Basal insulin + short/rapid insulin (three or more times per day) | 19.4 | 17.3 | |
| Basal insulin + any other combination | 16.2 | 19.6 | |
| Any insulin injection regimen excluding basal insulin | 8.5 | 11.9 | |
BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation; SH, severe hypoglycaemia.
a
Physical activity defined as self‐report of vigorous physical activity (sweating or breathing hard) for at least 20 min for at least three out of the past 7 d.
b
BMI category based on BMI z‐score and CDC growth charts for youth <18 y old. Normal or underweight defined as BMI z‐score <85th percentile or BMI <25 kg/m2; overweight defined as BMI z‐score 85‐<95th percentile or BMI ≥25 and <30 kg/m2; obesity defined as BMI z‐score ≥95th percentile or BMI ≥30 kg/m2.