Table 1.
Demographics and baseline characteristics.
| Characteristic | Asian N = 107 |
Non-Asian N = 94 |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at time of consent (years) | 70.7 ± 9.4 (30.90) |
70.8 ± 9.4 (45.98) |
0.95 |
| Age ≥ 80 (%) | 14.0 | 17.0 | 0.56 |
| Gender (Male, %) | 62.6 | 72.3 | 0.18 |
| CHADS2 Score | 2.5 ± 1.3 | 2.4 ± 1.4 | 0.49 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc Score | 4.1 ± 1.7 | 3.7 ± 1.6 | 0.08 |
| CHA2Ds2-VASc Score (%) | 0.25 | ||
| ≤1 | 8.4 | 7.4 | |
| 2–3 | 29.9 | 41.5 | |
| ≥4 | 61.7 | 51.1 | |
| HAS-BLED Score | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 2.1 ± 0.9 | 0.66 |
| HAS-BLED Score (%) | 0.28 | ||
| <3 (%) | 65.4 | 73.4 | |
| ≥3 (%) | 34.6 | 26.6 | |
| CHF (%) | 20.6 | 10.6 | 0.08 |
| Hypertension (%) | 84.1 | 83.0 | 0.85 |
| Age ≥ 75(%) | 38.3 | 34.0 | 0.56 |
| Age 65–74 (%) | 43.0 | 44.7 | 0.89 |
| Diabetes (%) | 46.7 | 19.1 | <0.0001 |
| History of TIA/stroke (%) | 30.8 | 45.7 | 0.04 |
| Vascular disease (%) | 39.3 | 23.4 | 0.02 |
| Abnormal renal function (%) | 14.0 | 7.4 | 0.18 |
| Abnormal liver function (%) | 2.8 | 1.1 | 0.62 |
| History of ischaemic/haemorrhagic stroke (%) | 28.0 | 35.1 | 0.29 |
| Prior major bleeding or predisposition to bleeding (%) | 19.6 | 18.1 | 0.86 |
| Labile INRs (%) | 20.6 | 4.3 | 0.0006 |
| Concomitant use of drugs (%) | 33.6 | 50.0 | 0.02 |
| Alcohol abuse (%) | 2.8 | 13.8 | 0.007 |
| LV dysfunction (i.e. LVEF ≤ 40%) | 7.5 | 5.4 | 0.58 |
| AF pattern | |||
| % Paroxysmal AF | 54.2 | 47.3 | 0.40 |
Values are mean ± SD or %. CHF = congestive heart failure; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction.