Table 1.
Sample characteristics by subgroups (N=1500).
| Item | Total sample (n=1500) | Participants diagnosed with CVDa (n=1334) | Participants diagnosed with diabetes (n=681) | Participants diagnosed with CVD and diabetes (n=529) | App users of the total sample (n=402) | |
| Gender (men), n (%) | 848 (56.53) | 568 (42.58) | 277 (40.7 | 200 (37.8) | 251 (62.4) | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 55.10 (8.25) | 55.47 (8.00) | 54.91 (8.67) | 55.68 (8.25) | 51.61 (9.52) | |
| Educational level (International Standard Classification of Education), n (%) | ||||||
|
|
No or basic qualification | 72 (4.80) | 60 (4.50) | 36 (5.3) | 26 (4.9) | 4 (1.0) |
|
|
Vocational qualification | 1059 (70.60) | 945 (70.84) | 481 (70.6) | 376 (71.1) | 261 (64.9) |
|
|
University degree | 369 (24.60) | 329 (24.66) | 164 (24.1) | 127 (24.0) | 137 (34.1) |
| Occupational status, n (%) | ||||||
|
|
Working full-time | 622 (41.67) | 537 (40.25) | 273 (40.1) | 198 (37.4) | 242 (60.0) |
|
|
Working part-time | 220 (14.67) | 196 (14.69) | 84 (12.3) | 61 (11.5) | 46 (11.4) |
|
|
Not working | 100 (6.67) | 89 (6.67) | 45 (6.6) | 36 (6.8) | 12 (3.0) |
|
|
Retired | 440 (29.33) | 402 (30.13) | 226 (33.2) | 189 (35.7) | 77 (19.2) |
|
|
In school | 6 (0.40) | 6 (.45) | 5 (0.7) | 5 (1.0) | 4 (1.0) |
|
|
Other | 112 (7.47) | 104 (7.80) | 48 (7.1) | 40 (7.6) | 21 (5.2) |
| Monthly posttax household incomeb , n (%) | ||||||
|
|
Low | 513 (34.20) | 453 (33.96) | 248 (36.4) | 196 (37.1) | 94 (23.4) |
|
|
Medium | 591(39.40) | 528 (39.58) | 266 (39.1) | 206 (38.9) | 173 (43.0) |
|
|
High | 277 (18.47) | 250 (18.74) | 75 (11.0) | 93 (17.6) | 115 (28.6) |
|
|
No answer | 119 (7.93) | 103 (7.72) | 49 (7.2) | 34 (6.4) | 20 (5.0) |
|
|
Migration background, n (%) | 113 (7.53) | 92 (6.90) | 60 (8.8) | 43 (8.1) | 53 (13.2) |
| Chronic conditions, n (%) | ||||||
|
|
Heart failure | 236 (15.73) | 236 (17.69) | 97 (14.2) | 97 (18.3) | 71 (17.7) |
|
|
Coronary artery disease | 259 (17.27) | 259 (19.42) | 95 (15.0) | 95 (18.0) | 79 (19.7) |
|
|
Peripheral artery occlusion disease | 678 (45.20) | 146 (10.94) | 95 (14.0) | 74 (14.0) | 40 (10.0) |
|
|
Myocardial infarction | 146 (9.73) | 156 (11.69) | 52 (7.6) | 52 (9.8) | 49 (12.2) |
|
|
Stroke | 156 (10.40) | 141 (10.57) | 40 (5.9) | 40 (7.6) | 33 (8.2) |
|
|
Hypertension | 1224 (81.60) | 1224 (91.75) | 487 (71.5) | 487 (92.1) | 306 (76.1) |
|
|
Atherosclerosis | 243 (16.20 | 243 (18.22) | 97 (14.2) | 97 (18.3) | 64 (15.9) |
|
|
Stress by CVD+diabetes, mean (SD) | 2.64 (0.91) | 2.63 (0.91) | 2.68 (0.88) | 2.69 (0.87) | 2.84 (0.73) |
|
|
Stress by CVD, mean (SD) | 2.58 (0.94) | 2.58 (0.94) | 2.55 (0.95) | 2.55 (0.95) | 2.76 (0.91) |
|
|
Stress by diabetes, mean (SD) | 2.78 (1.02) | 2.81 (1.04) | 2.78 (1.02) | 2.81 (1.04) | 3.10 (0.97) |
| Health behaviors, n (%) | ||||||
|
|
Smoking | 553 (36.87) | 490 (36.73) | 256 (37.6) | 196 (37.1) | 142 (35.3) |
|
|
Physical activity | 751 (50.07) | 661 (49.55) | 326 (47.9) | 244 (46.1) | 271 (67.4) |
|
|
Balanced diet | 1074 (71.60) | 947 (70.99) | 516 (75.8) | 395 (74.7) | 310 (77.1) |
|
|
Health literacy, mean (SD) | 2.76 (0.49) | 2.75 (0.49) | 2.77 (0.48) | 2.74 (0.48) | 2.88 (0.51) |
|
|
Electronic health literacy, mean (SD) | 3.68 (0.73) | 3.68 (0.72) | 3.65 (0.76) | 3.64 (0.48) | 4.01 (0.59) |
|
|
App use, n (%) | 402 (26.80) | 339 (25.41) | 199 (29.2) | 146 (27.6) | 402 (100) |
aCVD: cardiovascular disease.
bPosttax household income: Low <€2100, moderate €2100-€3600, high >€3600 (1 Euro=US $1.2; May 30, 2018).