Table 4.
Multivariable-adjusted odds ratio of metabolic syndrome and its components according to serum 25(OH)D levels in men
| Men | Vitamin D level | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st quartile | 2nd quartile | 3rd quartile | 4th quartile | ||||
| OR | CI | OR | CI | OR | CI | ||
| Metabolic syndrome | |||||||
| Model 1 | 2.22 | (1.52 – 3.24) | 1.84 | (1.26 – 2.70) | 1.56 | (1.06 – 2.30) | 1 (Reference) |
| Model 2 | 2.27 | (1.55 – 3.33) | 1.87 | (1.27 – 2.75) | 1.55 | (1.05 – 2.28) | |
| Model 3 | 2.03 | (1.34 – 3.07) | 1.70 | (1.14 – 2.55) | 1.45 | (0.98 – 2.16) | |
| Model 4 | 2.25 | (1.48 – 3.43) | 1.83 | (1.22 – 2.74) | 1.51 | (1.02 – 2.24) | |
| Abdominal obesity | |||||||
| Model 1 | 2.03 | (1.38 – 2.98) | 1.92 | (1.31 – 2.83) | 1.72 | (1.17 – 2.53) | 1 |
| Model 2 | 2.10 | (1.43 –3.10) | 1.99 | (1.35 – 2.93) | 1.73 | (1.17 – 2.56) | |
| Model 3 | 1.81 | (1.19 – 2.75) | 1.79 | (1.19 – 2.68) | 1.64 | (1.10 – 2.44) | |
| Model 4 | 1.81 | (1.19 – 2.77) | 1.79 | (1.19 – 2.69) | 1.64 | (1.10 – 2.45) | |
| Hypertension | |||||||
| Model 1 | 0.97 | (0.65 – 1.44) | 1.07 | (0.72 – 1.60) | 1.07 | (0.72 – 1.59) | 1 |
| Model 2 | 1.03 | (0.69 – 1.55) | 1.10 | (0.73 – 1.65) | 1.05 | (0.70 – 1.57) | |
| Model 3 | 1.05 | (0.68 – 1.62) | 1.10 | (0.72 – 1.69) | 1.04 | (0.69 – 1.57) | |
| Model 4 | 1.07 | (0.69 – 1.67) | 1.12 | (0.73 – 1.72) | 1.05 | (0.69 – 1.59) | |
| Hyperglycemia | |||||||
| Model 1 | 1.48 | (1.03 – 2.13) | 1.72 | (1.20 – 2.47) | 1.26 | (0.88 – 1.82) | 1 |
| Model 2 | 1.49 | (1.03 – 2.14) | 1.69 | (1.17 – 2.44) | 1.22 | (0.85 – 1.76) | |
| Model 3 | 1.18 | (0.79 – 1.75) | 1.42 | (0.97 – 2.09) | 1.10 | (0.75 – 1.60) | |
| Model 4 | 1.34 | (0.90 – 2.01) | 1.57 | (1.06 – 2.31) | 1.15 | (0.79 – 1.68) | |
| Hypertriglycemia | |||||||
| Model 1 | 2.11 | (1.38 – 3.23) | 1.74 | (1.13 – 2.67) | 1.74 | (1.14 – 2.68) | 1 |
| Model 2 | 2.27 | (1.47 – 3.48) | 1.79 | (1.16 – 2.76) | 1.83 | (1.19 – 2.82) | |
| Model 3 | 2.41 | (1.51 – 3.86) | 1.87 | (1.19 – 2.96) | 1.89 | (1.21 – 2.94) | |
| Model 4 | 2.77 | (1.72 – 4.48) | 2.05 | (1.29 – 3.25) | 1.99 | (1.28 – 3.11) | |
| Low HDL | |||||||
| Model 1 | 1.76 | (1.18 – 2.63) | 1.34 | (0.89 – 2.02) | 1.06 | (0.70 – 1.62) | 1 |
| Model 2 | 1.61 | (1.07 – 2.41) | 1.30 | (0.86 – 1.97) | 1.04 | (0.68 – 1.59) | |
| Model 3 | 1.55 | (1.00 – 2.41) | 1.28 | (0.83 – 1.98) | 1.04 | (0.67 – 1.61) | |
| Model 4 | 1.70 | (1.09 – 2.67) | 1.36 | (0.88 – 2.12) | 1.07 | (0.69 – 1.66) | |
Model 1: age adjusted, Model 2: Model 1 + smoking, alcohol, exercise adjusted, Model 3: Model 2 + region, seasonality adjusted, Model 4: Model 3 + parathyroid hormone adjusted, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, HDL high density lipoprotein