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. 2019 Apr 11;18:69. doi: 10.1186/s12934-019-1119-8

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 3 — Expression and secretion of α-amylase by B. subtilis WS11 variants. a Alpha-amylase activity in the shake-flask culture supernatants obtained using B. subtilis WS11 variants. b SDS-PAGE analysis of the culture supernatants (lanes 1, 4, and 7), cell disruption supernatants (lanes 2, 5, and 8), and cell disruption precipitates (lanes 3, 6, and 9) obtained using B. subtilis strains WS11RS, WS11AS, and WS11YS, respectively. Lane M contains the medium molecular weight protein standard. Error bars indicate the standard deviation from the mean of the three experimental data replicates