FIG. 1.

Mediation models depicting the effect of anticipated stigma in health care settings on ART adherence through adherence self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and coping by substance use among women living with HIV in the United States. Note: Associations are presented as path coefficients (unstandardized). Age, education, income, time on ART, illicit drug use, and race were also entered as control variable. ^aWhen adherence self-efficacy is in the model. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. ART, antiretroviral therapy.