Table 2 –
Clinical and metabolic characteristics of study participants at follow up.
| NGT-High (n = 83) | NGT-Low (n = 119) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 15.3 ± 3.1 | 15.8 ± 2.9 | 0.20 |
| Tanner stage (I–II, III, IV–V, %) | 9/39/52 | 4/37/59 | 0.30 |
| Body weight (kg) | 97.7 ± 26.6 | 100.8 ± 29.9 | 0.53 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 36.4 ± 7.9 | 36.2 ± 8.8 | 0.80 |
| Body Mass Index z-score | 2.3 ± 0.5 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 0.27 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 120 ± 12 | 118 ± 11 | 0.26 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70 ± 11 | 69 ± 9 | 0.80 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (mmol/mol) | 36 ± 4 | 37 ± 3 | 0.37 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 5.0 ± 0.4 | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 0.62 |
| 1-h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 7.8 ± 1.6 | 6.8 ± 1.3 | <0.0001 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.7 ± 1.2 | 6.3 ± 1.0 | 0.02 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (pmol/L) | 221 [155 – 302] | 205 [133 – 280] | 0.17 |
| 1-h plasma insulin (pmol/L) | 1243 [921 – 2272] | 1047 [628 – 1855] | 0.01 |
| 2-h plasma insulin (pmol/L) | 1033 [693 – 1906] | 865 [476 – 1563] | 0.02 |
| Whole-body insulin sensitivity index (WBISI) | 1.57 [1.03 – 2.08] | 1.59 [1.21 – 2.85] | 0.047 |
| Insulinogenic index (IGI) | 3.44 [2.18 – 5.28] | 4.43 [2.35 – 7.31] | 0.03 |
| Disposition index (DI) | 4.95 [3.36 – 7.28] | 7.27 [5.44 – 10.34] | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.8 ± 0.7 | 0.98 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 2.3 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 0.86 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 0.10 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.9 [0.7 – 1.5] | 0.9 [0.6 – 1.3] | 0.39 |
Data are reported as mean ± SD or median [interquartile range].