Table 1.
Means, Standard Deviations, and Range of Scores for Study Variables
| Variable | n | Range | M | SD |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregnancy Complications | 561 | 0 to 14 | 4.65 | 3.18 |
| Adoption Openness (18 months) | 541 | −2.73 to 2.05 | .00 | .95 |
| Adoption Openness (27 months) | 483 | −2.73 to 2.11 | .02 | .96 |
| Adoption Openness (54 months) | 260 | −2.59 to 2.17 | .01 | .96 |
| Oppositional Behaviors (18 months) | 515 | .00 to 1.83 | .42 | .30 |
| Oppositional Behaviors (27 months) | 500 | .00 to 1.83 | .52 | .31 |
| Oppositional Behaviors (54 months) | 427 | .00 to 1.92 | .61 | .35 |
| Callous-Unemotional Behaviors (18 months) | 515 | .00 to 1.20 | .32 | .24 |
| Callous-Unemotional Behaviors (27 months) | 499 | .00 to 1.20 | .26 | .22 |
| Callous-Unemotional Behaviors (54 months) | 427 | .00 to 1.40 | .26 | .23 |
| Adoptive Mother Harsh Parenting (18 months) | 519 | 1.00 to 4.90 | 1.86 | .60 |
| Adoptive Mother Harsh Parenting (27 months) | 495 | 1.00 to 4.30 | 2.06 | .61 |
| Adoptive Mother Harsh Parenting (54 months) | 258 | 1.00 to 4.60 | 2.39 | .57 |
| Adoptive Father Harsh Parenting (18 months) | 491 | 1.00 to 4.40 | 1.89 | .61 |
| Adoptive Father Harsh Parenting (27 months) | 469 | 1.00 to 4.20 | 2.06 | .62 |
| Adoptive Father Harsh Parenting (54 months) | 236 | 1.00 to 4.30 | 2.32 | .64 |
| Birth Mother Fearlessness | 513 | 7 to 28 | 14.78 | 3.47 |
| Birth Mother Affiliation | 545 | 2.13 to 6.00 | 4.67 | .81 |