TABLE 3.

Factors associated with high adherence to identified dietary patterns (pooled multivariable regression results)¹

	1985 to 2010						1988 to 2010
	Modern	Traditional	Festival	Monotonous	Spices	No pattern	Winter	Summer
Year (Reference = 2000)
1985	−21.7%***	11.3%***	16.2%***	−18.7%***	1.6%	9.0%***
1988	−20.0%***	19.7%***	19.5%***	−21.4%***	−3.5%**	6.8%***	−3.7%**	−2.8%
1991	−18.4%***	19.1%***	10.2%***	−16.7%***	−4.6%***	3.6%**	−0.1%	4.8%***
1995	−19.1%***	0.8%	14.8%***	−8.0%***	−3.5%**	4.3%**	2.1%	2.8%*
2005	8.3%***	−1.8%	−0.6%	−6.6%***	3.7%***	−0.6%	1.2%	3.6%**
2010	29.2%***	−5.0%***	3.7%***	−5.7%***	2.8%*	−6.6%***	3.0%*	−1.1%
Locality (Reference = rural)
Municipality	5.7%***	−1.7%*	−2.5%***	−9.6%***	−5.3%***	3.7%***	0.1%	1.8%
Metropolitan area	7.9%***	2.3%	−5.7%***	−11.8%***	−6.0%***	0.5%	2.6%	3.1%*
Division (Reference = Dhaka)
Barisal	−0.6%	6.1%***	1.5%	−6.0%***	−12.8%***	1.6%	−2.6%	−4.6%*
Chittagong	5.9%***	4.0%**	0.9%	6.3%***	−9.9%***	−7.9%***	8.9%***	2.8%*
Khulna	−2.5%*	−11.6%***	1.6%	5.3%**	11.6%***	−2.2%	1.8%	−3.6%
Rajshahi	0.1%	−12.6%***	0.5%	−5.0%***	13.0%***	0.4%	−4.4%**	0.4%
Rangpur	−6.7%***	−18.9%***	1.9%	3.8%*	7.3%***	−4.4%**	6.7%***	0.6%
Sylhet	7.0%***	21.4%***	−1.2%	1.0%	−0.8%	−13.3%***	4.4%	−2.5%
Household structure
Members	−0.7%***	−2.5%***	−0.5%***	−1.1%***	−1.7%***	2.2%***	−0.6%***	−0.5%***
No children <10 y	−3.8%***	−5.3%***	−8.6%***	−2.3%***	−3.0%***	8.3%***	−2.8%***	−2.8%***
No homemaker	−2.6%***	1.6%*	−1.4%*	1.5%	−0.6%	−0.5%	2.3%***	−1.3%
Nuclear family	−1.1%**	−0.7%	0.8%	0.5%	−0.9%	1.1%	0.3%	−0.1%
No adult men	3.7%***	7.0%***	0.7%	4.1%***	6.1%***	−1.6%	1.1%	1.1%
No adult women	−2.3%**	−0.1%	−3.1%	−2.6%	1.3%	6.4%**	1.1%	2.9%*
Head age (decade)	−0.2%**	−1.0%***	−0.2%	−0.2%	−0.5%***	1.0%***	−0.4%**	−0.4%**
Education of household head (Reference = None/primary)
Secondary	0.4%	−1.6%**	2.9%***	−0.1%	−1.9%**	1.1%	−0.8%	−0.5%
Certificate	−0.4%	−0.4%	3.7%**	0.3%	−0.2%	0.2%	0.0%	−1.4%
University	−1.4%	−0.3%	6.1%***	3.4%*	−0.8%	0.5%	−3.6%**	0.0%
Mean level of adult education
Adult women	5.3%***	−2.8%***	1.2%**	−3.4%***	−0.2%	0.5%	−1.4%**	1.0%*
Adult men	1.2%**	−1.0%*	−0.3%	−2.9%***	−0.3%	0.4%	0.0%	0.1%
Utilities
Electricity	5.6%***	−3.2%***	0.5%	−4.3%***	−1.3%*	0.7%	0.0%	0.0%
Natural gas	7.8%***	−4.9%***	−2.5%*	−3.4%***	−3.4%***	0.1%	−4.0%**	−2.3%*
Piped water	6.1%***	−1.5%	−3.8%***	−3.9%***	−3.7%***	1.2%	−2.3%	−4.1%**
Religion (Reference = Muslim)
Hindu							0.8%	0.5%
Other							7.0%**	1.7%
Season of survey (Reference = January to April)
May to Aug							−44.2%***	39.0%***
Sep to Dec							−39.1%***	−7.1%***
Holiday							−6.2%***	2.1%**
Household per capita expenditure
Above food poverty	−7.9%***	4.5%***	−3.4%***	7.0%***	5.8%***	−17.4%***	3.2%***	3.3%***
Log of expenditure	22.6%***	17.5%***	36.9%***	5.2%***	8.5%***	−26.0%***	8.5%***	10.6%***
Household agricultural production (Reference = producing)
No milk	1.3%***	1.4%**	−4.9%***	−0.4%	−2.9%***	0.2%	1.1%	−2.9%***
No eggs	0.7%*	0.0%	−0.5%	0.7%	0.6%	−0.5%	0.6%	1.7%***
No field crops	1.2%	−1.2%	1.3%	−0.9%	−2.2%	1.4%	−0.9%	−1.9%
No starches	4.2%***	1.2%	−1.8%	−2.8%**	−1.3%	−0.4%	0.3%	−0.2%
No vegetables/lentils	−0.3%	2.4%**	−0.5%	−1.9%*	0.8%	−1.8%*	1.3%	−0.1%
No oilseeds	3.2%***	0.5%	−2.5%**	−1.5%	−4.5%***	1.2%	−0.8%	0.9%
No spices	1.2%**	−2.6%***	−1.7%*	−0.4%	0.5%	1.8%	0.4%	0.3%
No jute	−0.5%	0.8%	1.9%*	−3.6%***	−1.6%	−0.6%	−0.8%	1.1%
Household agricultural production diversity (Reference = no production/no diversity)
Some diversity	1.7%**	1.0%	1.7%	−1.4%	−1.6%	−0.8%	1.8%*	0.3%
High diversity	2.5%***	1.4%	−0.3%	−2.9%**	0.9%	−1.1%	1.8%	0.5%
Household consumption of agricultural production (Reference = no production/no consumption)
Some consumption	2.9%***	0.6%	−0.3%	−0.3%	−1.1%	0.1%	0.0%	−0.8%
High consumption	3.2%***	−0.7%	0.0%	−2.5%***	−3.3%***	2.7%***	−1.6%*	−1.3%
Regional agricultural production per capita
Starches (100 g)	−0.5%***	0.3%**	0.1%	0.3%	0.7%***	−0.2%	0.8%***	1.0%***
Lentils (10 g)	−0.1%	−1.0%**	0.3%	−0.5%	2.1%***	0.3%	−0.7%	−0.1%
Vegetables (10 g)	−0.7%***	−0.9%***	−0.5%**	0.3%	0.9%***	0.3%	0.1%	0.4%
DGLV (10 g)	19.3%***	6.7%	9.8%*	5.4%	−9.0%	−8.4%	−4.2%	−4.5%
Fruits (10 g)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.1%	0.0%	0.0%*	0.0%	0.0%
Oilseeds (10 g)	0.4%	−1.1%	2.0%**	−2.0%**	0.5%	0.0%	−3.1%***	−1.4%
Sugars (10 g)	0.0%	−0.1%***	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.2%***	0.0%
Spices (10 g)	−0.8%	2.6%***	−1.3%**	3.6%***	−2.7%***	−0.2%	1.1%	0.5%
Non-food (10 g)	0.4%***	−0.2%	0.0%	−0.3%	0.6%***	0.1%	−0.3%	0.1%
Diversity index	0.2%***	0.0%	0.0%	−0.2%***	0.2%***	−0.2%***	0.1%	0.2%***
Constant	−40.8%***	3.6%	−55.5%***	48.9%***	1.4%	88.3%***	26.2%***	−29.3%***
n	51,804	51,804	51,804	51,804	51,804	51,804	48,005	48,005
Model fit (AUC)	0.92	0.81	0.82	0.73	0.79	0.78	0.87	0.87

^{1 ***} P < 0.01, ^**P < 0.05, ^*P < 0.1. DGLV, dark green leafy vegetables.