Table 3.
Intervention development: end-user feedback.
| Trial | Methods used to gather end-user feedback | Aspects intended to be examined through end-user feedback | Changes in the intervention implemented as a result of end users’ feedback |
| TEXT MEa [9,19,32] | Data collection: questionnaires (n: 53); sampling: opportunistic | Readability and perceived utility | Stop sending messages about eating meat products to vegetarians and grammatical suggestions |
| Text4Heartb [21,29] | Data collection: website usage statistics (n=85), mobile phone usage survey (n=74), intervention feedback surveys (n=85), and intervention feedback semistructured interviews (n=17); sampling: opportunistic | Choice of technology to deliver the messages, acceptability of physical activity messages, level of tailoring, and directionality of messages | Intervention delivered by short message service only (too few end users had smartphones at the time), changes made to content of exercise prescription messages, higher level of tailoring (messages personalized with name, time of day to receive messages, and primary behavior targeted), and 2-way messaging (participants could text in questions and receive a personal reply) |
| Islam [22,33] | Data collection: face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires (n=50); sampling: purposive | Readability, acceptability, and perceived | Messages made simpler (only 1 content per message) |
| Heartc [24-26,30] | Data collection: Web-based survey (n=20); sampling: purposive | Readability, acceptability, perceived utility, and persuasiveness | Actions taken to resolve technical difficulties encountered by participants (eg, written instructions about how to log on to the study website) |
| StARd [8,18] | Data collection: semistructured interviews and focus groups with patients (n=35), primary care providers (n=12), health systems managers (n=5), and chronic dispensing service providers (n=3); sampling: purposive | Readability, acceptability, perceived utility, and persuasiveness | Tone, use of abbreviations, and addition of named provider to sign off message |
aTEXT ME: Tobacco, Exercise and Diet Messages.
bText4Heart: Text message and Internet-based comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation intervention.
cHeart: Heart Exercise And Remote Technologies.
dStAR: Mobile Phone Text Messages to Support Treatment Adherence in Adults With High Blood Pressure.