Table 3.

Summary of findings for studies on End of Life Care (n=4)

Citation	Study Purpose	Study Design	Setting	Participants	Treatment Decision	Key Findings
Moseley, 2004	To examine racial differences in parental end-of-life decisions for neonates	Retrospective chart review	Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Detroit, MI.	38 infants; 58% Black, 42% White	Withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining medical treatment. *	• White families agreed to limit treatment more often than Black families (80% vs. 62%).
Edmonds, 2011	To determine whether race/ethnicity was associated with differences in periviable infant intubation	Retrospective cohort study	Children hospitals in California, Missouri, and Pennsylvania.	9632 infants; 19% Black, 33% White, 37% Hispanic, 11% Other.	Intubation	• Intubation was higher among Black infants compared to Whites and Hispanics (OR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.07–1.46).
Thienprayoon, 2013	To determine association of race/ethnicity with hospice enrollment in children with cancer	Retrospective cohort study	Community hospice facilities in East Texas	114 children; 37% White, 44% Hispanic, 20% Other.	Hospice enrollment	• Hispanic patients were more likely to enroll in hospice vs Whites (OR 5.961, 95% CI 1.45–31.04).
Baker, 2009	To determine association of race/ethnicity with frequency Do-not-resuscitate orders or end-of-life discussions	Retrospective chart review	St. Jude’s research hospital	206 children; 28% Black, 72% White.	Do-not-resuscitate order	• No significant racial/ethnic difference in number of DNR orders or hospice enrollment rate.