Table 4.
Hierarchical regression analysis testing EMS domains as predictors of MAAS QMB
| Block | Predictors | b (95% CI) | SE B | β | p | R 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Maternal age | 0.11 (− 0.06, 0.29) | 0.09 | .11 | .230 | .15 |
| Parenting experience | 0.03 (− 1.25, 1.27) | 0.64 | .00 | .958 | ||
| Maternal educationa | ||||||
| Upper secondary school or lower | 1.98 (−0.40, 4.43) | 1.23 | .16 | .105 | ||
| Up to 4 years of higher education | 1.07 (−0.46, 2.55) | 0.77 | .12 | .167 | ||
| Gross annual household incomeb | ||||||
| 351,000–750,000 (45,108–96,386 USD) | −0.76 (−4.25, 3.01) | 1.83 | −.08 | .663 | ||
| 750,000 or more (96,515 USD or more) | 0.28 (− 2.89, 3.92) | 1.72 | .03 | .866 | ||
| Mental health help seeking | 0.48 (− 1.37, 2.16) | 0.90 | .05 | .598 | ||
| Previous experience with being depressed | −2.11 (−3.88, −0.38) | 0.89 | −.24 | .020 | ||
| Previous lack of joy | −1.56 (−3.18, −0.08) | 0.79 | −.19 | .052 | ||
| 2 | Maternal age | 0.12 (−0.06, 0.29) | 0.09 | .12 | .193 | .32 |
| Parenting experience | −0.29 (−1.48, 0.86) | 0.59 | −.04 | .625 | ||
| Maternal educationa | ||||||
| Upper secondary school or lower | 1.59 (−0.45, 3.53) | 1.02 | .13 | .123 | ||
| Up to 4 years of higher education | 0.96 (−0.50, 2.32) | 0.72 | .11 | .192 | ||
| Gross annual household incomeb | ||||||
| 351,000–750,000 (45,108–96,386 USD) | −1.08 (−4.95, 2.96) | 2.00 | −.12 | .571 | ||
| 750,000 or more (96,515 USD or more) | −0.49 (− 4.18, 3.44) | 1.93 | −.06 | .785 | ||
| Mental health help seeking | 1.12 (−0.47, 2.67) | 0.79 | .12 | .163 | ||
| Previous experience with being depressed | −1.55 (−3.19, 0.03) | 0.81 | −.18 | .063 | ||
| Previous lack of joy | −0.89 (−2.49, 0.64) | 0.79 | −.11 | .260 | ||
| Disconnection and Rejection | −2.66 (−5.34, −0.23) | 1.29 | −.36 | .045 | ||
| Impaired Autonomy and Performance | −0.71 (−3.52, 1.70) | 1.33 | −.08 | .593 | ||
| Excessive Responsibility and Standards | 0.67 (−0.79, 2.24) | 0.76 | .11 | .386 | ||
| Impaired Limits | −1.12 (−2.97, 0.54) | 0.89 | −.14 | .213 | ||
EMS early maladaptive schemas, MAAS Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, QMB quality of maternal bonding, IPF intensity of preoccupation with the fetus; avariables were dummy coded with four or more years of higher education as a reference; bvariables were dummy coded with 350,000 NOK (44,980 USD) or less as reference; “Mental health help seeking” = having been in contact with professionals for mental health issues; “Previous experience with being depressed” = Previous experience with being depressed most of the day, almost every day for a period of 2 weeks; “Previous lack of joy” = Having previously had a 2-week period of diminished ability to enjoy things one has usually found enjoyable; confidence intervals and standard errors were based on 9986 bootstrap samples, as SPSS did not manage to generate the requested 10,000 samples; N = 163