Table 2.
Predictors of death/MI/stroke in univariate Cox model
| Variable | HR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (per 1 year increase) | 1.041 | (1.017, 1.066) | <.001 |
| Gender, female (vs. male) | 0.767 | (0.481, 1.225) | 0.27 |
| Race, White (vs. non-White) | 0.901 | (0.587, 1.385) | 0.22 |
| Glycemic arm treatment, insulin providing (vs. insulin sensitizing) | 0.885 | (0.613, 1.276) | 0.51 |
| History of insulin use | 1.472 | (0.984, 2.200) | 0.06 |
| History of MI | 0.708 | (0.476, 1.054) | 0.09 |
| History of CHF | 2.699 | (1.361, 5.350) | 0.005 |
| Hypertension | 1.433 | (0.818, 2.508) | 0.21 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0.655 | (0.431, 0.995) | 0.047 |
| Cerebrovascular accident, TIA | 1.591 | (0.892, 2.840) | 0.12 |
| Prior revascularization | 1.482 | (0.929, 2.362) | 0.10 |
| Current smoker | 0.997 | (0.548, 1.815) | 0.99 |
| Angina equivalent | 1.055 | (0.724, 1.537) | 0.78 |
| Angina class (vs. no angina) | |||
| Stable 1, 2 | 0.831 | (0.560, 1.232) | 0.85 |
| Stable 3, 4 | 1.291 | (0.632, 2.637) | 0.49 |
| Unstable | 1.230 | (0.526, 2.879) | 0.23 |
| Weight (kg) (per 1 year increase) | 1.000 | (0.990, 1.011) | 0.94 |
| BMI (per 1 unit increase) | 0.993 | (0.957, 1.031) | 0.73 |
| Systolic blood pressure (per 1 unit increase) | 1.008 | (1.000, 1.017) | 0.05 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (per 1 unit increase) | 0.996 | (0.978, 1.015) | 0.69 |
| Ankle brachial index (per 1 unit increase) | 0.899 | (0.416, 1.943) | 0.79 |
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) (per 1 unit increase) | 2.679 | (1.399, 5.128) | 0.003 |
| Urine albumin/creatinine ratio mg/g, (per 100 unit increase) | 1.041 | (1.020, 1.063) | <.001 |
| Circulating insulin (IU/ml) (per 1 unit increase) | 1.015 | (1.002, 1.029) | 0.023 |
| HbA1c (%) (per 1 unit increase) | 1.057 | (0.949, 1.178) | 0.32 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) (per 1 unit increase) | 0.986 | (0.967, 1.006) | 0.16 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) (per 1 unit increase) | 0.998 | (0.992, 1.004) | 0.50 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) (per 1 unit increase) | 0.976 | (0.837, 1.139) | 0.76 |
| Myocardial jeopardy (per 1 unit increase) | 1.012 | (1.003, 1.021) | 0.007 |
| Non-sublingual nitrate | 1.130 | (0.767, 1.666) | 0.54 |
| Anti-platelet | 1.168 | (0.705, 1.935) | 0.55 |
| Aspirin | 1.057 | (0.593, 1.885) | 0.85 |
| Statin | 1.108 | (0.710, 1.729) | 0.65 |
| ACE/ARB | 1.160 | (0.722, 1.864) | 0.54 |
| Beta-blocker | 0.837 | (0.554, 1.265) | 0.40 |
| Aspirin, statin, ACE/ARB, beta-blocker | 1.248 | (0.865, 1.801) | 0.24 |
MI myocardial infarction, CHF congestive heart failure, TIA transient ischemic attack, BMI body mass index, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB aldosterone receptor blocker. Cox model comparison is against absence of the variable if no comparison is listed