Table 2.

Major differences between cervical cancer and HPV-associated OPSCC

	OPSCC	Cervical Cancer
Incidence	Incidence increasing	Incidence decreasing
Prevalence	Increased in higher-income countries	Increased in lower-income countries
Sex	> 70% male	100% female
Etiology	Tobacco and alcohol remain important causes, along with HPV	Virtually all are caused by HPV
HPV genotype	> 95% HPV16 HPV18 rare	50% HPV16 20% HPV18
Premalignant lesions	Unknown	CIN1–3
Screening tests available	No	Yes
5-year survival rate	> 75%	< 70%
TRAF3/CYLD mutations	Approximately 30%	Rare
Treatment sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation	High	Moderate