Table I.
Demographic and illness characteristics of infants by sBPD-associated PH with at least one echocardiogram
| Variable | All | No PH | PH | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1677 | 1307 | 370 | |
| Gestational age (weeks), median [IQR] | 25 [24, 27] | 25 [24, 27] | 25 [24, 26] | 0.03 |
| Admission PMA (weeks), median [IQR] | 30 [26, 36] | 29 [26, 34] | 36.5 [28, 45] | <0.001 |
| Median birth weight (g) | 715 [600, 885] | 735 [620, 910] | 650 [530, 800] | <0.001 |
| SGA (≤10th percentile) | 403 (24.0) | 262 (20.0) | 141 (38.1) | <0.001 |
| Maternal Hispanic ethnicity | 196 (11.7) | 160 (12.2) | 36 (9.7) | 0.06 |
| Maternal race | 0.03 | |||
| White | 825 (49.2) | 660 (50.5) | 165 (44.6) | — |
| Black | 621 (37.0) | 462 (35.34) | 159 (43.0) | — |
| Other | 191 (11.4) | 156 (11.9) | 35 (9.5) | — |
| Insurance Status | 0.62 | |||
| Public | 1046 (62.4) | 824 (63.0) | 222 (60.0) | — |
| Private | 393 (23.4) | 297 (22.7) | 96 (26.0) | — |
| Not insured or self-pay | 10 (0.6) | 8 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) | — |
| Combined Private/Public | 228 (13.6) | 178 (13.6) | 50 (13.5) | — |
| Chorioamnionitis | 179 (10.7) | 150 (11.5) | 29 (7.8) | 0.05 |
| Maternal hypertension | 437 (26.1) | 314 (24.0) | 123 (33.2) | <0.001 |
| Multiple births | 407 (24.3) | 330 (25.2) | 77 (20.8) | 0.08 |
| Ventilator days in CHND hospital, median [IQR] | 46 [19, 84] | 41 [17, 74] | 72.5 [30, 124] | <0.001 |
| Mechanical ventilation at 36 weeks’ PMA or admission | 749 (44.7) | 524 (40.1) | 225 (60.8) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory severity score for ventilated patients, median [IQR] | 1 [0.3, 3.9] | 0.8 [0.3, 3.3] | 3.6 [0.4, 7] | <0.001 |
| Postnatal systemic steroids | 756 (45.1) | 506 (38.7) | 250 (67.6) | <0.001 |
| PDA ligation | 372 (22.2) | 303 (23.2) | 69 (18.6) | 0.07 |
| PMA at PDA ligation, weeks, median [IQR] | 30.3 [28, 34.6] | 29.9 [28, 32.9] | 31.9 [28.9, 42.7] | <0.001 |
| Median growth velocity, birth to 36 weeks’ PMA (g/kg/d) | 13.2 [11.6, 14.6] | 13.1 [11.6, 14.5] | 13.5 [12.2, 15.1] | 0.02 |
| Blood stream infection | 423 (25.2) | 317 (24.2) | 106 (28.6) | 0.09 |
| Atrial Septal Defect | 219 (13.1) | 146 (11.2) | 73 (19.7) | <0.001 |
| Ventricular Septal Defect | 78 (4.65) | 57 (4.36) | 21 (5.68) | 0.33 |
Results are displayed in n (%) unless indicated otherwise. p values indicate chi squared tests or Wilcoxon rank-sum test as appropriate. SGA = small for gestational age; IQR = inter-quartile range; PH= pulmonary hypertension; Respiratory severity score = mean airway pressure times fraction of inhaled oxygen; PDA = patent ductus arteriosus; NEC = necrotizing enterocolitis, PMA = postmenstrual age.