Table 3.

Results from multilevel logistic models of the association between maternal literacy and child completion of four vaccinations in India.

		Adjusted odds ratios (95% Confidence interval)
	Null	1–1a	1–2b	2–1c	2–2d	3–1e	3–2f
Fixed effect
Maternal literacy (ref = illiterate)
Literate		1.84 (0.96–3.51)	1.73 (0.89–3.39)	1.67 (0.85–3.28)	1.46 (0.73–2.90)	1.74 (0.89–3.41)	†2.26 (0.98–5.19)
Paternal literacy (ref = illiterate)
Literate			1.24 (0.67–2.29)	1.22 (0.66–2.24)	1.24 (0.68–2.29)	1.24 (0.67–2.29)	1.25 (0.68–2.30)
Presence of a state-run health center (ref = none)
Yes				**6.60 (1.57–27.70)	*3.09 (0.62–15.38)
Maternal literacy * Presence of a state-run health center					5.55 (0.48–63.62)
Presence of community health workers (ref = none)
Yes						1.07 (0.43–2.63)	1.33 (0.49–3.58)
Maternal literacy * Presence of community health workers							0.51 (0.15–1.76)
Random effect
Community variation (Standard error)	1.655 (0.470)	1.176 (0.242)	1.159 (0.421)	0.784 (0.378)	0.765 (0.374)	1.204 (0.437)	1.227 (0.442)
Intraclass correlation	33.5	26.3	26.0	19.2	18.9	26.8	27.2

^aModel 1–1: adjusted for only maternal literacy.

^bModel 1–2: added paternal literacy to model 1–1.

^cModel 2–1: added presence of health center to model 1–2.

^dModel 2–2: added the interaction term of maternal literacy and presence of health center to model 2–1.

^eModel 3–1 : added presence of health workers to model 1–2.

^fModel 3–2: added the interaction term of maternal literacy and presence of health workers to model 3–1.

► All models were additionally adjusted for maternal age, gender of child, sibling status, wealth level, type of residence, and region.

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001.