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. 2019 Apr 12;10:1696. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09733-6

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

RGD-presenting dimer formation promotes M2-type polarization of macrophages. a Expression levels of M2-type markers (Arg-1 and Ym2 genes) determined by RT-qPCR, and b fluorescent images of macrophages immunostained for Arg-1 (in green), iNOS (in red), and nuclei (in blue) after 36 h under culture (the first 12 h under culture with basal medium, followed by 24 h under culture with M2-type-polarizing medium). The dimer formation with the Mg2+-BP NPs (MgBNP dimer) or the RGD-Mg2+-BP NPs (RGDBNP dimer) was directed after 0 h under culture. The time-controlled dimer formation was directed with the Mg2+-BP NP formation after 0 h, followed by the RGD-Mg2+-BP NP formation after 12 h (MgBNP-RGDBNP dimer). Data are means ± s.e.m. (n = 3). **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 (ANOVA). Scale bar is 50 µm