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. 2019 Apr 12;10:1694. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09724-7

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Results of the high-speed data modulation experiments. a BER as a function of the line rate for three devices, IQ1-3 (blue, red, and yellow). QPSK: circles, 16QAM: diamonds. Operation well below the KP4 FEC threshold for all QPSK measurements. Operation below the 7% HD-FEC threshold at 50 GBd 16QAM and the SD-FEC limit 100 GBd 16QAM. Measurements with BERs below 1 × 10⁻⁵ are grouped. b Constellation diagrams for 100 GBd 16QAM and QPSK