Fig. 10.

Effects of COX2 inhibitor NS398 on the production of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages in vitro or at spinal cord lesioned site. a–f ELISA assay determined production of TNF-α (a, b), IL-1β (c, d), and IL-6 (e, f) following macrophages cultured with astrocytes-conditioned medium in the presence of 1 μg/ml LPS for 24 h. The astrocytes were cultured in the presence of 1 μg/ml recombinant MIF with or without 30 μM NS398 for 24 h. g Determination of PGE₂ production at lesion sites of spinal cord following injection of 10 μl 80 mM NS398 at 0 day, 1 day, 4 days, and 7 days, respectively. h, i ELISA assay determined production of TNF-α (h) and IL-1β (i) at lesion sites following injection of 10 μl 80 mM NS398 at 0 day, 1 day, 4 days, and 7 days, respectively. Experiments were performed in triplicates. Error bars represent the standard deviation (*P < 0.05; #P < 0.05)