Table 2.
Univariate analysis of prognostic factors associated with overall survival of all patients (n = 62) and of patients with NC (n = 27) in the CRLMx cohort
| All patients (n = 62) | Patients with NC (n = 27) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value | OS in months | P-value | OS in months | ||||
| Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI | ||||
| Age in years | 0.917 | 0.429 | |||||
| ≤ Median | 139.4 | 104.9–173.8 | 83.1 | 51.1–115.1 | |||
| > Median | 97.1 | 77.1–117.0 | 92.5 | 67.1–118.0 | |||
| Gender | 0.837 | 0.884 | |||||
| Male | 96.3 | 79.2–113.3 | 93.3 | 68.6–118.0 | |||
| Female | 118.1 | 75.7–160.5 | 66.0 | 38.3–93.7 | |||
| Localisation of primary tumour | 0.247 | 0.858 | |||||
| Colon | 65.3 | 46.3–84.3 | 75.6 | 47.4–103.9 | |||
| Caecum | 51.7 | 39.4–63.7 | 45.6 | 45.6–45.6 | |||
| Sigma | 96.8 | 73.5–120.1 | 60.8 | 36.9–84.7 | |||
| Rectum | 123.4 | 85.4–161.5 | 91.8 | 63.0–120.6 | |||
| MSKCC score | |||||||
| Stratified | 0.487 | 0.631 | |||||
| <III | 122.8 | 83.7–161.9 | 62.1 | 39.8–84.3 | |||
| ≥III | 92.7 | 72.8-112.6 | 95.9 | 70.5–121.3 | |||
| Positive lymph node | 0.066 | 0.129 | |||||
| Yes | 80.2 | 66.2–94.2 | na | na | |||
| No | 145.8 | 95.8–195.8 | na | na | |||
| DFS interval <12 months | 0.095 | 0.349 | |||||
| Yes | 88.3 | 69.4–107.2 | 97.3 | 73.8–120.7 | |||
| No | 134.1 | 92.4–175.8 | 47.2 | 73.3–120.7 | |||
| No. of metastases | 0.002 | 0.115 | |||||
| 1 | 151.9 | 106.3–197.5 | 93.1 | 80.3–105.9 | |||
| >1 | 80.2 | 61.5–98.9 | 83.2 | 56.1–110.3 | |||
| Size of metastases | 0.087 | 0.314 | |||||
| ≤5 cm | 90.9 | 72.2–109.6 | 80.4 | 54.9–106.0 | |||
| >5 cm | 163.6 | 125.4–201.7 | 112.7 | 79.9–145.5 | |||
| Preoperative CEA-value [ng/ml] | 0.748 | 0.282 | |||||
| ≤200 | 117.6 | 83.1–152.2 | 95.2 | 72.5–117.9 | |||
| >200 | 86.5 | 64.2–108.8 | 45.5 | 45.5–45.5 | |||
| Liver metastases | |||||||
| Time of appearance | 0.635 | 0.843 | |||||
| Synchronousa | 87.4 | 67.8–107.0 | 87.7 | 61.5–114.0 | |||
| Metachronous | 119.4 | 83.7–155.1 | 88.4 | 57.1–119.6 | |||
| Hepatic relapse | 0.418 | 0.803 | |||||
| Yes | 77.8 | 58.2–97.3 | 68.5 | 46.4–90.6 | |||
| No | 98.5 | 77.5–119.5 | 94.8 | 62.3–127.7 | |||
| ASA | 0.645 | 0.460 | |||||
| Adipositas (BMI ≥ 25) | 0.133 | 0.272 | |||||
| Yes | 107.5 | 89.8–125.1 | 105.4 | 73.9–137.0 | |||
| No | 115.5 | 77.2–153.8 | 75.8 | 50.0–101.6 | |||
| Diabetes | 0.838 | 0.486 | |||||
| Yes | 87.6 | 66.5–108.7 | 48.8 | 48.8–48.8 | |||
| No | 117.1 | 82.1–152.1 | 95.0 | 72.3–117.8 | |||
| Alcohol | 0.457 | 0.116 | |||||
| Yes | 107.8 | 76.5–139.1 | 122.3 | 90.1–154.5 | |||
| No | 112.0 | 79.0–145.0 | 61.7 | 45.7–77.8 | |||
| Hepato-toxic medication | 0.692 | 0.446 | |||||
| Yes | 100.3 | 84.2–116.3 | 97.0 | 72.5–121.6 | |||
| No | 123.7 | 72.0–175.4 | 63.3 | 34.7–91.8 | |||
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | 0.493 | na | |||||
| Yes | 92.7 | 70.5–114.8 | na | na | |||
| No | 122.9 | 84.9–160.9 | na | na | |||
| Hepatic fibrosis | 0.663 | 0.471 | |||||
| Yes | 104.0 | 80.6–127.5 | 70.8 | 48.2–93.4 | |||
| No | 130.8 | 99.6–161.9 | 88.5 | 64.1–113.0 | |||
| Hepatic steatosis | 0.325 | 0.314 | |||||
| Yes | 123.3 | 86.3–160.4 | 84.2 | 57.3–111.1 | |||
| No | 79.8 | 58.2–101.4 | 81.6 | 59.3–103.9 | |||
| Steatohepatitis in grades | 0.280 | 0.341 | |||||
| 0 | na | na | na | na | |||
| I | na | na | na | na | |||
| II | na | na | na | na | |||
| III | na | na | na | na | |||
| Time on ICU in days | 0.295 | 0.169 | |||||
| ≤Median | 125.9 | 88.0–163.8 | 105.9 | 80.6–131.2 | |||
| >Median | 76.1 | 57.0–95.4 | 56.9 | 73.3–118.0 | |||
| Complications | |||||||
| Intraoperative complications | 0.048 | 0.057 | |||||
| Yes | 51.8 | 34.0–69.5 | 41.9 | 31.3–52.4 | |||
| No | 123.6 | 87.6–159.6 | 101.5 | 78.2–124.9 | |||
| Postoperative complications | 0.136 | 0.412 | |||||
| Yes | 87.5 | 68.7–106.3 | 84.1 | 55.1–113.1 | |||
| No | 134.0 | 90.4–175.5 | 79.4 | 59.8–99.0 | |||
| Comorbidities | |||||||
| Cardiovascular risk factors | 0.381 | 0.047 | |||||
| Yes | 87.3 | 71.4–103.1 | na | na | |||
| No | 114.1 | 80.4–147.8 | na | na | |||
| COPD | 0.520 | 0.459 | |||||
| Hypoxia adaptive genes | |||||||
| PDK4 | 0.029 | 0.008 | |||||
| Transcripts ≤ median | 74.0 | 54.0–94.0 | 40.8 | 31.6–50.0 | |||
| Transcripts > median | 169.5 | 137.8–201.2 | 123.4 | 100.7–146.0 | |||
| PFKL | 0.070 | 0.092 | |||||
| Transcripts ≤ median | 75.9 | 57.2–94.7 | 42.6 | 32.7–52.4 | |||
| Transcripts > median | 163.5 | 128.6–198.4 | 97.8 | 74.6–121.0 | |||
| PPAR-α | 0.799 | 0.128 | |||||
| Transcripts ≤ median | 86.9 | 63.4–105.3 | 56.5 | 36.0–77.1 | |||
| Transcripts > median | 140.0 | 104.6–175.3 | 107.3 | 80.5–134.1 | |||
| UCP-2 | 0.978 | 0.609 | |||||
| Transcripts ≤ median | 134.1 | 94.8–173.4 | 64.6 | 46.2–83.0 | |||
| Transcripts > median | 97.2 | 77.5–116.9 | 99.5 | 71.0–128.0 | |||
ASA American Society of Anaesthesiologists, BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DFS disease-free survival, MSKCC Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, na not available (all cases are censored), NC neoadjuvant chemotherapy, OS overall survival, PDK pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, PFKL 6-phosphofructokinase, liver type, PPAR-α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, UCP-2 mitochondrial uncoupling protein, UICC Union for International Cancer Control
aDiagnosed before or within 3 months after resection of the primary tumour