Table 1.

Cumulative presentation of reported cases with white cord syndrome

Year	Age/gender	Nation	Preop neurological status—cause of surgery	Surgery	Onset of deficit	Neurological status after white cord syndrome	Intervention	Outcome	Ref.
2013	59/M	USA	Neck pain, ataxia, radiculopathy, Nurick 3—C4–5 and C5–6 disc herniation	Double ACDF and anterior plating	Intraoperative	C6 incomplete paraplegia- ASIA B	Decompression, corpectomy, steroid administration	Nurick 4	[5]
2017	64/M	Italy	Neck pain, gait disturbances, grip weakness, urinary incontinence, spastic tetraparesis, Nurick 3—C3–4 and C5–6 disc herniation	Double ACDF and interbody cage placement	Intraoperative	Severe tetraparesis, complete paraplegia, spastic hypertonia	Steroid administration—2 days’ NASCIS 3 protocol.	Nurick 4	[6]
2018	68/M	USA	Paresthesia, numbness, balance difficulties, Nurick 1—cervical stenosis C4–6 and C4–5 spondylolisthesis	C4–7 PCDF	Intraoperative	Left-sided hemiparesis	Further decompression—24 h high-dose steroid administration	Nurick 4	[7]
2018	79/M	Greece	Neck pain and gait disturbances, Nurick 3, stenosis from C4 to C6, grip weakness	C2-7 PDCF	24 h postoperatively	C6 incomplete paraplegia ASIA B	Further decompression—NASCIS 3 protocol for 48 h	Nurick grade 4

ACDF anterior cervical decompression and fusion, PCDF posterior cervical decompression and fusion