Table 2.

2012 PANS criteria

1) Abrupt, dramatic onset of obsessive-compulsive disorder or severely restricted food intake (<48 h). The obsessive-compulsive symptoms must be severe and frequent enough to meet DSM-IV criteria for OCD.

2) Concurrent presence of additional neuropsychiatric symptoms, with similarly severe and acute-onset, from at least two of the following categories:

a. Anxiety

b. Emotional lability and/or depression

c. Irritability, aggression, and/or severely oppositional behaviours

d. Behavioural (developmental) regression

e. Deterioration in school performance

f. Sensory or motor difficulties

g. Somatic signs or symptoms, including sleep disturbances, enuresis, or urinary frequency.

3) Symptoms are not better explained by a known neurologic or medical disorder, such as Sydenham chorea, systemic lupus erythematosus, Tourette syndrome, or others.

OCD Obsessive-compulsive disorder; PANS Paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome.