Table 2.

Associations of independent variables with fruit (≥ 2 servings), vegetable (≥ 3 servings) and inadequate fruit and vegetable (< 5 servings) consumption

Variable	Fruits (≥ 2 servings) (≥ 3 servings)	Vegetables	Fruit and vegetable (< 5 servings)
	AOR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Socio-demographics
Age in years
18-29	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
30-44	0.75 (0.55, 1.02)	1.69 (1.15, 2.46)**	1.00 (0.70, 1.42)
45-59	0.95 (0.69, 1.30)	1.87 (1.27, 2.77)**	1.09 (0.72, 1.67)
60-69	1.01 (0.62, 1.68)	1.68 (1.05, 2.69)*	0.66 (0.41, 1.06)
Sex
Female	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
Male	1.16 (0.87, 1.55)	0.72 (0.53, 0.98)*	0.71 (0.52, 0.99)*
Education
No/Primary school incomplete	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
Primary school complete or more	1.68 (1.18, 2.39)**	1.10 (0.71, 1.71)	0.91 (0.55, 1.50)
Wealth quintile
Poorest/Second	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
Middle	1.07 (0.77, 1.49)	1.33 (0.90, 1.96)	0.73 (0.48, 1.12)
Fourth/Richest	1.61 (1.04, 2.48)*	0.79 (0.36, 1.72)	0.74 (0.36, 1.49)
Ethnic group
Other	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)	1 (Reference)
Kikuyu	2.17 (1.46, 3.23)***	1.49 (0.70, 3.15)	0.76 (0.39, 1.47)
Luo	1.58 (1.05, 2.37)*	2.84 (1.53, 5.27)***	0.40 (0.23, 0.70)**
Urban residence (base=rural residence)	0.78 (0.53, 1.13)	0.44 (0.23, 0.82)**	2.50 (1.27, 4.96)**
Health variables
Body Mass Index ≥30 kg/m2(Obesity)	1.48 (0.98, 2.24)	0.95 (0.59, 1.53)	0.80 (0.42, 1.51)
Central obesity (base= no)	1.28 (0.80, 2.04)	1.08 (0.68, 1.73)	0.80 (0.49, 1.30)
Physical activity (Low) (base=Moderate/High)	0.65 (0.42, 1.03)	0.98 (0.58, 1.67)	1.10 (0.67, 1.82)
Current tobacco use (base=no)	0.75 (0.44, 1.29)	0.89 (0.54, 1.47)	1.11 (0.58, 1.90)
Binge drinking (base=no)	1.10 (0.70, 1.72)	1.16 (0.71, 1.90)	1.00 (0.58, 1.70)

AOR=Adjusted Odds Ratio; CI=Confidence Interval

^***P<.001

^**P<.01

^*P<.05