Table 2. . Age and measures of left ventricular regional function in normal healthy boys and boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
| Hor et al. | Ashford et al. | Reyhan et al. | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Status | Normal | DMD | DMD | DMD | DMD | Normal | DMD | Normal | DMD |
| Age | 14.5 ± 8.4 | 8.4 ± 0.84 | 13.0 ± 2.9 | 15.8 ± 4.5 | 17.3 ± 5.3 | 11.1 ± 2.53 | 10.6 ± 3.01 | 27 ± 3.9 | 12 ± 4.3 |
| LVEF (%) | 65.1 ± 3.7 | 65.5 ± 3.7 | 61.1 ± 5.5 | 47.4 ± 7.4 | 32.7 ± 14.9 | 31.6 ± 11.5 (EF/BSA) | 31.8 ± 6.0 (EF/BSA) | – | – |
| Ecc (%) | -18.6 ± 2.0 | -14.4 ± 1.1 | -12.4 ± 2.1 | -10 ± 1.9 | -6.5 ± 1.2 | -17 ± 3 | -15 ± 2 | – | – |
| LGE | – | Negative | Negative | Negative | Positive | – | – | – | – |
| Twist (degrees) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | -11.3 ± 3.8 | -9.3 ± 3.4 |
| Torsion (degrees/mm) | – | – | – | – | – | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 2.9 ± 1 | – | – |
| CL-shear (degrees) | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 6.2 ± 1.4 | 5.7 ± 1.4 |
BSA: Body surface area; CL-shear: Circumferential longitudinal shear; DMD: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Ecc: Left ventricular peak systolic circumferential strain; EF: Ejection fraction; LGE: Late gadolinium enhancement; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction.