Table 1.
Characteristics of pregnant women by HIV status (n=432).
| Characteristic | Total n (%) or mean (SD) n=432 |
HIV-infected n (%) or mean (SD) n=210 |
HIV-uninfected n (%) or mean (SD) n=222 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Maternal Age, mean (SD) | 26.6 (6.2) | 27.3 (5.8) | 25.8 (6.5) | 0.01 |
| Maternal Age, categories | <0.001 | |||
| <20 | 48/430 (11.2) | 10/209 (4.8) | 38/221 (17.2) | |
| 20-29 | 254/430 (59.1) | 127/209 (60.8) | 127/221 (57.5) | |
| 30-39 | 116/430 (27.0) | 67/209 (32.1) | 49/221 (22.2) | |
| 40+ | 12/430 (2.8) | 5/209 (2.4) | 7/221 (3.2) | |
| Race | <0.001 | |||
| Black | 277/431 (64.3) | 164/209 (78.5) | 113/222 (50.9) | |
| White/Hispanic/Other | 154/431 (35.7) | 45/209 (21.5) | 109/222 (49.1) | |
| Marital Status | 0.02 | |||
| Single∗ | 310/406 (76.4) | 157/192 (81.8) | 153/214 (71.5) | |
| Married | 96/406 (23.7) | 35/192 (18.2) | 61/214 (28.5) | |
| Highest Level of Education | 0.25 | |||
| <12th grade | 86/210 (41.0) | 36/98 (36.7) | 50/112 (44.6) | |
| ≥ 12th grade | 124/210 (59.1) | 62/98 (63.3) | 62/112 (55.4) | |
| Insurance Status | 0.86 | |||
| Public/Uninsured | 366/431 (84.9) | 179/210 (85.2) | 187/221 (84.6) | |
| Private | 65/431 (15.1) | 31/210 (14.8) | 34/221 (15.4) | |
| Parity | 0.84 | |||
| 0 | 138/389 (35.5) | 62/182 (34.1) | 76/207 (36.7) | |
| 1 | 121/389 (31.1) | 57/182 (31.3) | 64/207 (30.9) | |
| 2+ | 130/389 (33.4) | 63/182 (34.6) | 67/207 (32.4) | |
| Year of Delivery | 0.79 | |||
| 2000-2006 | 170/432 (39.4) | 84/210 (40.0) | 86/222 (38.7) | |
| 2007-2014 | 262/432 (60.7) | 126/210 (60.0) | 136/222 (61.3) | |
|
| ||||
| Substance Use | ||||
| Before Pregnancy (self-report) | ||||
| Tobacco | 102/369 (27.6) | 56/186 (30.1) | 46/183 (25.1) | 0.29 |
| Marijuana | 33/300 (11.0) | 15/145 (10.3) | 18/155 (11.6) | 0.73 |
| Cocaine/IVDA/Other∗∗ | 36/303 (11.9) | 22/152 (14.5) | 14/151 (9.3) | 0.16 |
| During Pregnancy (self-report or labs) | ||||
| Cocaine | 11/278 (4) | 10/140 (7.1) | 1/138 (0.7) | <0.01 |
| IV Drugs | 4/271 (1.5) | 1/131 (0.8) | 3/140 (2.1) | 0.62 |
|
| ||||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Psychiatric Disease∗∗∗ | 78/385 (20.3) | 56/206 (27.2) | 22/179 (12.3) | <0.001 |
| HIV Diagnosis | N/A | N/A | ||
| During Current Pregnancy | 39/110 (35.5) | |||
| Prior to Current Pregnancy | 71/110 (64.6) | |||
| Median CD4 at Initial antepartum Visit (IQR) (cells/mm3) | 410 (294-523) | N/A | ||
| CD4 Category at Initial antepartum Visit (cells/mm3) | ||||
| <200 | N/A | 22/188 (11.7) | N/A | |
| 201-350 | 47/188 (25.0) | |||
| 351-500 | 63/188 (33.5) | |||
| >500 | 56/188 (29.8) | |||
| HIV Viral Load at Initial antepartum Visit (copies/mL) ∗∗∗∗ | N/A | 4160 (477-22,203) | N/A | |
∗ includes divorced, widowed, separated. ∗∗ Other includes prescription drugs, methadone, suboxone, methamphetamine, LSD, morphine, and “street drugs.” ∗∗∗ Depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and/or schizophrenia. ∗∗∗∗ Among 157 women with VL available.