Table 1.
Patient characteristics including comparison between patients with a non-obese body mass index (BMI) (non-obese group) and a BMI greater than the 95th percentile (obese group)
| All patients (n = 86) | Group comparison | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-obese group (n = 33) | Obese group (n = 53) | p-value | ||
| Age (y) | 13.1 ± 2.7 | 12.4 ± 2.4 | 13.5 ± 2.8 | 0.067 |
| Female (n, %) | 24 (31.3) | 12 (36.4) | 12 (22.6) | 0.168* |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.3 ± 4.9 | 21.6 ± 2.6 | 29.2 ± 3.5 | < 0.001 |
| AWT (cm) | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | < 0.001 |
| AST (U/L) | 61.4 ± 49.7 | 46.2 ± 39.8 | 70.9 ± 53.2 | 0.015 † |
| ALT (U/L) | 100.7 ± 85.2 | 71.2 ± 66.9 | 119.0 ± 90.7 | 0.004 † |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.861 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.2 | 0.702 |
| ALP (IU/L) | 206.5 ± 100.5 | 222.6 ± 99.0 | 196.5 ± 101.0 | 0.728 |
| Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 190.7 ± 35.9 | 185.8 ± 38.0 | 193.8 ± 34.5 | 0.229 |
| TG (mg/dL) | 159.5 ± 90.4 | 151.0 ± 86.0 | 163.3 ± 93.2 | 0.888† |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 44.3 ± 10.0 | 45.8 ± 12.2 | 43.5 ± 8.7 | 0.501 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 117.1 ± 34.4 | 113.9 ± 38.8 | 118.6 ± 32.3 | 0.356 |
| PDFF (%) | 22.6 ± 12.8 | 20.2 ± 14.5 | 24.1 ± 11.6 | 0.139 |
| CAP (dB/m) | 310.5 ± 46.5 | 293.6 ± 51.5 | 321.1 ± 40.2 | 0.053 |
* Chi-square test was performed to compare the two groups
†Logarithmic transformation before group comparison was performed in order to satisfy normality assumption. All the p-values of boldface are less than 0.05
Notes: AWT abdominal wall thickness, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, ALP alkaline phosphatase, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, PDFF proton density fat fraction, CAP controlled attenuation parameter