Table 1.
Ethnobotanical uses of plants in the regions of Edessa and Naoussa (Central Macedonia, Greece).
| Families/Species | Local names | Parts used | Use categories, preparation, and ailment treated | No. citations per population group | No. of total reports | WS/CS | Sold in Thessaloniki market [8] ∗ |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OTH | MI | PO | DO | VL | |||||||
| Adoxaceae | |||||||||||
| Sambucus nigra L. (TAU 60500) | Zampouko | Inf | MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract, cough or as expectorant, (also combined with Le. of Alcea rosea or with Se of Linum usitatissimum, Ap of Verbascum longifolium and Thymus vulgaris) | 5 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 21 | W | + |
| MED-SKI: stems' bark with wax and olive oil applied on cuts, bruises, burns, and wounds | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Amaryllidaceae | |||||||||||
| Allium cepa L. | Kremidi | Bu | MED-SKI: used as cataplasm with salt or wine or olive oil against skin burns, bruises, and edemas | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | C | + |
| Allium sativum L. | Skordo | Bu | MED-CAR: eaten raw or cooked to prevent and treat hypertension | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 | C | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Anacardiaceae | |||||||||||
| Pistacia lentiscus L. var. chia | Masticha | Re | MED-GAS: chewed against gastric ulcers and ailments of the digestive system | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | C | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Apiaceae | |||||||||||
| Apium graveolens L. | Selino | Le | MED-CAR: decoction against hypertension | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | C | |
| MED-RES: boiled with milk to treat the symptoms of common cold | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Aquifoliaceae | |||||||||||
| Ilex aquifolium L. (TAU 60501) | Ou | Le | MED-MUS: decoction to treat joint and muscular pains | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Araceae | |||||||||||
| Arum italicum Mill. (TAU 60502) | Drakontia/ Smiina bilka (DO) | Le, Ro | MED-RES: decoction against cough, bronchial catarrh, and sore throat | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | W | |
| Arum maculatum L. (TAU 60503) | Drakontia | Le, Ro | MED-RES: decoction against cough, bronchial catarrh, and sore throat | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Araliaceae | |||||||||||
| Hedera helix L. (TAU 60504) | Kissos | Le | MED-RES: decoction against cough | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Asparagaceae | |||||||||||
| Ruscus aculeatus L. (TAU 60505) | Agathi | Ap | MED-GEN: decoction for the treatment and prevention of prostatitis and as diuretic (combined in the decoction with Fr. of Paliurus spina-christi) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Asphodelaceae | |||||||||||
| Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. | Aloi | Le | MED-SKI: parenchymatic gel used as poultice applied on wounds, sunburns, and insect bites | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | C | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Asteraceae | |||||||||||
| Achillea holosericea Sm. (TAU 60506) | Kitrini Achillia | Inf | MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract and cough or as expectorant | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 4 | W | |
| MED-GEN: decoction against cystitis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
| MED-SKI: water of maceration as cataplasm against hemorrhoids | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Achillea millefolium L. (TAU 60507) | Lefki Achillia | Inf | MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract and cough | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 17 | W | + |
| MED-GEN: decoction against cystitis, urogenital inflammation, and regulation of menstrual cycle (with Capsella bursa-pastoris, cinnamon bark and orange peel) | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
| MED-SKI: water of maceration as cataplasm against hemorrhoids; used fresh as cataplasm against acne | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Arctium lappa L. (TAU 60508) | Arktio | Ro | FOOD: eaten raw as depurative | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 11 | W | + |
| Le | MED-MUS: decoction for joint pain and inflammation | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Le | MED-SKI: decoction used as poultice applied on wounds and furuncles | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Cirsium eriophorum (L.) Scop. (TAU 60509) | Kirsio | Fl | MED-MET: decoction for detoxification and treatment of liver diseases | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | W | |
| Helianthus tuberosus L. (TAU 60510) | Kolokasi | Tu | FOOD: eaten boiled as salad to improve intestinal function | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 6 | C | |
| MED-GAS: decoction against constipation | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Lactuca serriola L. (TAU 60511) | Agriomarulo | Le, Fl | MED-MET: decoction against hypercholesterolemia | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | W | |
| Matricaria chamomilla L. (TAU 60512) | Chamomili | Inf | MED-NER: decoction or infusion against insomnia and otitis | 1 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 33 | W | + |
| MED-GAS: decoction against abdominal pain | 3 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-GEN: washing to treat vaginitis | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-RES: oily extract or decoction against cough | 1 | ||||||||||
| MED-SKI: oily extract applied for wound healing | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) Bernh. | Pulicaria | Ap, Fl | MED-GAS: decoction for constipation and intestinal problems | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | W | |
| Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. (TAU 60513) | Gaiduragatho | Fl, Fr | MED-MET: decoction for detoxification and treatment of liver diseases | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 5 | W | + |
| Taraxacum sp. (TAU 60514) | Taraxaco | Ap | MED-NER: decoction against headache and insomnia | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | W | + |
| MED-MET: to decrease triglyceride and cholesterol levels | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Tussilago farfara L. (TAU 60515) | Vihio/ Flomos | Ap | MED-RES: decoction against cough and inflammation of the respiratory tract | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Boraginaceae | |||||||||||
| Cynoglossum creticum Mill. | Kynoglosso/ | Fr | MED-SKI: eaten triturated for the treatment of warts | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | W | |
| Aritsovotano | |||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Caprifoliaceae | |||||||||||
| Valeriana officinalis L. (TAU 60516) | Valeriana | Ro | MED-NER: tincture against insomnia and as calmative (combined with Capsella bursa-pastoris) | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 5 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Caryophyllaceae | |||||||||||
| Saponaria officinalis L. (TAU 60517) | Sapunochorto | Fl | MED-SKI: cataplasm applied on skin against eczema and dermatitis | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Convolvulaceae | |||||||||||
| Cuscuta campestris Yunck. (TAU 60518) | Kitrino parasito | Ap | MED-SKI: stems of the aerial part rubbed on bee stings | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Cornaceae | |||||||||||
| Cornus spp. | Krana | Fr | MED-GAS: alcoholic extract drunk against abdominal pain | 1 | 1 | W | |||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Cucurbitaceae | |||||||||||
| Cucurbita pepo L. | Kolokithi | Se | MED-GEN: oily extract drunk to cure and prevent prostatitis | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | C | |
| MED-MUS: oily extract topically applied against joint pain | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| Momordica charantia L. (TAU 60519) | Kanturi | Fr | MED-SKI: oily extract against wounds, burns, calluses; drunk against gastric ulcers. | 5 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 30 | C | |
| VET: oily extract used on goats and pigs to cicatrize wounds | 5 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Cupressaceae | |||||||||||
| Juniperus communis L. (TAU 60520) | Mavros Kedros | Ga | MED-CAR: eaten raw or used as flavoring for meat to prevent cardiovascular diseases | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | W | |
| Juniperus oxycedrus L. (TAU 60521) | Kedros | Ga | FOOD-MED: flavoring for meat and digestive | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Dennstaedtiaceae | |||||||||||
| Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn (TAU 60522) | Fteri | Le | DOM: wrap up raw meat to keep it fresh | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 7 | W | |
| MED-GEN: decoction as diuretic and to remove kidney stones | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Dioscoreaceae | |||||||||||
| Tamus communis L. | Riza tou Adam | Ro | MED-MUS: alcoholic extract of sliced root (forms a cream) against muscular pain and inflammation | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Equisetaceae | |||||||||||
| Equisetum arvense L. (TAU 60523) | Ekuiseto/ Polikombi/Ura tu alogu | Ap | MED-GEN: decoction against urogenital diseases and for the treatment of prostatitis as diuretic | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Ericaceae | |||||||||||
| Vaccinium myrtillus L. (TAU 60524) | Mirtillo | Fr | MED-NER: eaten raw to improve vision | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
| MED-SKI: pulped against gums' inflammation | 1 | ||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Fabaceae | |||||||||||
| Robinia pseudoacacia L. (TAU 60525) | Akakia | Fl | MED-MUS: decoction against joint pains and rheumatisms (also combined with Fl. of Cercis siliquastrum) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 | W | |
| Cercis siliquastrum L. (TAU 60526) | Kutsupia | Fl | MED-MUS: decoction against joint pains and rheumatisms (also combined with Fl. of Robinia pseudacacia and Le. of Alcea rosea) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 7 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Fagaceae | |||||||||||
| Castanea sativa Mill. (TAU 60527) | Kastania | Fl | MED-GAS: decoction against diarrhea | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | C | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Grossulariaceae | |||||||||||
| Ribes uva-crispa L. (TAU 60528) | Fragostaphilo | Ap | MED-MET: decoction or tincture to increase iron levels and as tonic | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Hypericaceae | |||||||||||
| Hypericum perforatum L. (TAU 60529) | Valsamochorto/ Rumana/ Spathochorto |
Inf | MED-SKI: oily or alcoholic extract applied on wounds, burns; mixed with wax and Re. of Pistacia lentiscus var. chia and applied on deep sores | 8 | 7 | 14 | 6 | 9 | 65 | W | + |
| MED-MUS: as massage to alleviate arthritis symptoms and joint pain | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-GAS: drunk to treat gastric ulcers and gastrointestinal disturbs (1 spoon/day) | 1 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 3 | ||||||
| MED-NER: decoction against insomnia and as antidepressant | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Iridaceae | |||||||||||
| Crocus sativus L. | Krokos | Fl | MED-MET: water of maceration of stigmas as immunostimulant or for the prevention of common colds and flu | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | C | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Lamiaceae | |||||||||||
| Hyssopus officinalis L. (TAU 60530) | Issopos | Ap | MED-NER: decoction against headache | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | C | |
| Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (TAU 60531) | Levanta | Inf | MED-NER: decoction as bland sedative | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 6 | C | + |
| MED-CAR: against hypertension if combined with Le. of Mentha spicata | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Melissa officinalis | Melissochorto | Le | MED-NER: decoction or infusion as sedative; used as decoction in combination with Ap. of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | W | + |
| subsp. altissima (Sm.) Arcang. (TAU 60532) | |||||||||||
| Mentha spicata L. (TAU 60533) | Menta | Le, Ap | MED-MET: decoction or infusion against hypercholesterolemia | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 18 | W | + |
| MED-CAR: cardiovascular problems and hypertension | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-GAS: decoction in combination with Inf. of Hypericum perforatum for the treatment of gastric ulcers, nausea and flatulence | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0 | ||||||
| Mentha spp. | Menta/Dyosmos | Le | MED-GAS: decoction against nausea and flatulence | 2 | 1 | 6 | W | ||||
| MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract and cough | 2 | ||||||||||
| 1 | |||||||||||
| Micromeria juliana (L.) Rchb. (TAU 60534) | Kiparissaki | Ap | MED-GEN: decoction as diuretic and for the prevention and treatment of prostatitis (also in combination with Se of Rosa canina and Ap. of Equisetum arvense) | 1 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 8 | W | + |
| Ocimum basilicum L. (TAU 60535) | Vasilikos | Le | MED-NER: used fresh as decoction or infusion against insomnia and to improve memory and concentration | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | C | + |
| Origanum dictamnus L. | Diktamo | Ap | MED-RES: decoction against cough and symptoms of common cold | 1 | 1 | C | + | ||||
| Origanum majorana L. (TAU 60536) | Matzurana | Ap | MED-GAS: decoction as digestive, against nausea and gastric disturbs | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 8 | C | + |
| MED-GEN: decoction against menstrual pain | 1 | ||||||||||
| Origanum vulgare | Rigani | Ap | MED-MET: decoction or water of maceration as blood depurative | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
| subsp. hirtum (Link) Ietswaart (TAU 60537) | |||||||||||
| MED-GAS: eaten raw to improve digestion | 1 | ||||||||||
| Origanum vulgare | Tourkiko tsai | Inf | MED-RES: decoction with honey and butter against allergic cough | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | W | |
| subsp. viridulum (Martrin-Donos) Nyman (TAU 60538) | |||||||||||
| Rosmarinus officinalis L. (TAU 60539) | Dentrolivano | Ap | MED-MET: decoction against hypercholesterolemia | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | C | + |
| Salvia officinalis L. (TAU 60540) | Faskomilo | Le | MED-NER: decoction or water of maceration against insomnia and anxiety (in combination with Inf. of Aloysia citrodora) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 6 | W | |
| Satureja montana subsp. macedonica (Formànek) Baden (TAU 60541) | Thymari/ Thympiron (PO) | Inf | MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract and for cough | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 8 | W | |
| MED-MET: decoction against hypercholesterolemia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-NER: decoction to alleviate symptoms of tinnitus | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Sideritis montana | Aspro tsai | Inf, Ap | MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract and cough | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | W | |
| subsp. remota (d'Uvr.) P.W. Ball (TAU 60542) | |||||||||||
| Sideritis scardica Griseb. (TAU 60543) | Tsai tu vunu | Inf, Ap | MED-RES: decoction against inflammation of the respiratory tract and cough | 6 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 30 | W | + |
| Teucrium capitatum L. (TAU 60544) | Tefkrio | Fl | MED-GAS: decoction against abdominal pain | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | W | |
| Thymus sibthorpii Benth. (TAU 60545) | Materina | Inf, Le | MED-GAS: decoction against abdominal pain or gastrointestinal disturbs | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Linaceae | |||||||||||
| Linum usitatissimum L. | Linari | Se | MED-GAS, decoction against constipation | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 13 | C | + |
| MED-RES: decoction or infusion as expectorant or to alleviate cough (also in combination with Inf. of Sambucus nigra and Ap. of Verbascum longifolium. and Thymus vulgaris) | 1 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-SKI: as cataplasm to treat wounds and furuncles | 1 | ||||||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Loranthaceae | |||||||||||
| Loranthus europaeus Jacq. (TAU 60546) | Parasito | Ap | MED-CAR: decoction of twigs to treat hypertension, varicose veins and to improve blood circulation | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 7 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Malvaceae | |||||||||||
| Alcea rosea L. (TAU 60547) | Althea | Le | MED-RES: decoction or infusion against cough in combination with Inf. of Sambucus nigra; decoction against rheumatisms and musculoskeletal pain in combination with Fl. of Robinia pseudacacia and of Cercis siliquastrum | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 4 | W | |
| Malva sylvestris L. (TAU 60548) | Molocha | Fl | MED-RES: decoction or infusion as expectorant and against cough | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 14 | W | + |
| Tilia platyphyllos Scop. (TAU 60549) | Tilios/Flamuri | Inf | MED-GAS: decoction against intestinal pain | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 26 | W | + |
| MED-RES: decoction for cough and bronchial catarrh | 3 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 1 | ||||||
| MED-NER: decoction as sedative | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Oleaceae | |||||||||||
| Fraxinus ornus L. (TAU 60550) | Fraksos | Ap | VET: bark of stems into chickens' water to prevent their illnesses | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | W | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Onagraceae | |||||||||||
| Epilobium angustifolium L. (TAU 60551) | Epilovio | Le | MED-GEN: decoction to treat and prevent prostatitis or as diuretic | 3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | W | |
| Epilobium parviflorum Schreb. | Epilovio | Le | MED-GEN: decoction to treat and prevent prostatitis and cystitis or as diuretic | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Orchidaceae | |||||||||||
| Dactylorhiza sambucina (L.) Soó (TAU 60552) | Salepi | Bu | MED-RES: decoction as expectorant against cough and common cold | 5 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 8 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Papaveraceae | |||||||||||
| Papaver rhoeas L. (TAU 60553) | Paparuna | Se | MED-NER: infusion or decoction as sedative | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Passifloraceae | |||||||||||
| Passiflora sp. (TAU 60554) | Passiflora | Fl | MED-NER: decoction as sedative | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | C | + |
|
| |||||||||||
| Piperaceae | |||||||||||
| Piper nigrum L. | Piperi | Se | MED-RES: alcoholic extract used as cataplasm against cough | 1 | 1 | W | + | ||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Plantaginaceae | |||||||||||
| Plantago media L. (TAU 60555) | Pentanevro/ Tigavits (DO) |
Le | MED-SKI: used fresh, rubbed on wounds, furuncles and hemorrhoids | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 10 | W | |
| MED-GEN: decoction or eaten as salad to treat or prevent urogenital ailments (prostatitis) and improve kidneys' function | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| Digitalis lanata Ehrh. (TAU 60556) | Digitalis | Le | MED-CAR: decoction to improve blood circulation and prevent cardiovascular diseases | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | W | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Poaceae | |||||||||||
| Elytrigia repens (L.) Nevski (syn. Agropyron repens (L.) P. Beauv.) | Agriada | Ap | MED-MUS: decoction or infusion against joint and muscular pains | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | W | |
| Zea mays L. | Kalampoki | StyFl | MED-NER: decoction or water of maceration as sedative | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | W | + |
| MED-GEN: decoction in combination with fruit stalksof Prunus avium as diuretic or for the prevention and treatment of urogenital disturbs | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Portulacaceae | |||||||||||
| Portulaca oleracea L. (TAU 60557) | Glistrida/ Adrakla |
Ap | MED-MET: eaten raw or boiled against hypercholesterolemia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | W | |
| MED-NER: eaten raw against toothache and to remove tartar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-CAR: eaten raw to prevent cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, obstructed arteries | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Ranunculaceae | |||||||||||
| Helleborus odorus subsp. cyclophyllus (A. Braun) Maire & Petitm. (TAU 60558) | Elevoros/ Spres (DO) | Ro | MED-MUS: decoction of fragmented root (1 part of root in 2 liters of water) to treat joint pain; toxic plant | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | W | |
| VET: decoction of fragmented root with salt to treat joint pain in goats, cows and pigs | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Rhamnaceae | |||||||||||
| Paliurus spina-christi Mill. (TAU 60559) | Paliuri/ Fluri | Fr | MED-GEN,: decoction for urinary tract and urogenital diseases and the treatment of prostatitis as diuretic | 3 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 11 | W | + |
| MED-MET: decoction against hypercholesterolemia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Rosaceae | |||||||||||
| Agrimonia eupatoria L. (TAU 60560) | Agrimonio | Ap | MED-SKI: infusion applied as cataplasm for the cicatrization of wounds | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | W | + |
| Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (TAU 60561) | Krategos | Ap, (Fl, Fr, LeSh) | MED-CAR: decoction (Ap) or alcoholic extract (Fr) for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and for the treatment of hypertension | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 13 | W | + |
| Prunus avium L. (L.) (TAU 60562) | Kerasia | FrPed, Se | MED-MUS: decoction against arthritis and joint pain (in combination with StyFl. of Zea mays); as diuretic | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | C | + |
| Rosa canina L. (TAU 60563) | Agriotriantafilia/ Kynorodo/ Masura (PO) |
Fl, | FOOD: marmalade; tonic liquor (made of petals) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 24 | W | + |
| Fr | |||||||||||
| Se | MED-MUS: against rheumatisms in combination with Fl. of Cercis siliquastrum; to treat osteoarthritis; eaten pulverized against arthritis pain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |||||
| Fr | |||||||||||
| Fr | MED-GEN: decoction helps to remove kidney stones, against prostatitis in combination with StyFl. of Zea mays and Ap. of Micromeria juliana | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Fl, Fr | MED-MET: eaten raw as antioxidant, for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases; decoction, syrup, marmalade or liquor as immunostimulant (to prevent cold and flu) | 3 | 3 | 4 | 7 | 2 | |||||
| Rosa x damascena Herrm. (TAU 60564) | Palia triantafyllia | Fl | MED-MUS: oily extract of petals applied to treat musculoskeletal pain/also used to treat children's joint pain while they grow up | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | C | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Rutaceae | |||||||||||
| Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck | Lemoni | Le | MED-MET: decoction against hypercholesterolemia | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | C | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Scrophulariaceae | |||||||||||
| Verbascum longifolium Ten. (TAU 60565) | Verbasco/ Lupusiou (VL) | Ap | MED-RES: decoction to treat cough | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 10 | W | |
| Ap | MED-GEN: decoction to treat and prevent prostatitis | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Le | MED-GAS: decoction against abdominal pain | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||
|
| |||||||||||
| Solanaceae | |||||||||||
| Alkekengi officinarum Moench. (syn. Physalis alkekengi L.) (TAU 60566) | Fanaraki | Fr | MED-MET: eaten raw as immunostimulant and tonic | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | W | |
| Nicotiana tabacum L. (TAU 60567) | Kapnos | Le | MED-SKI: used fresh, applied on wounds as cicatrizing, hemostatic, disinfectant | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | C | |
|
| |||||||||||
| Urticaceae | |||||||||||
| Urtica dioica L. (TAU 60568) | Tsouknida | Le | MED-SKI: decoction for greasy hair | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 19 | W | + |
| MED-MUS: infusion or decoction against rheumatisms | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-GEN: decoction against prostatitis and as diuretic | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
| MED-MET: decoction or eaten raw as salad as blood depurative and against anemia | 3 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 0 | ||||||
Legends: OTH= others; MI= Mikrasiates; PO= Pontians; DO= Dopioi; VL=Vlachs. CS=cultivated species; WS= wild species; Ap=aerial part; Bu= bulb; Ga=galbula; Fl=flowers; Fr=fruits; FrPed= fruit pedicels; Inf= inflorescences; Le= leaves; LeSh=leaf shoots; Re=resin; Ro= roots; Se=seeds; StFl=styles of female flowers; Tu=tubers. DOM=domestic; FOOD=for human nutrition and health; MED-CAR=cardiovascular diseases; MED-GAS=gastrointestinal diseases; MED-GEN=genitourinary diseases; MED-MET=metabolic diseases; MED-MUS=muscular-skeletal diseases; MED-NER=nervous-sensorial diseases; MED-RES= respiratory diseases; MED-SKI=skin diseases. ∗ Reported in Hanlidou et al. [8] for at least one of the uses cited in the present study.